A Comparative Study on Rhizosphere and Non-rhizosphere Fungi in Six Mangrove Communities

Yu, 刘宇 Liu; Cuiping, 温翠屏 Wen; Yanping, 李艳萍 Li; Yisheng, 彭逸生 Peng; Zeshan, 洪泽珊 Hong; Caihong, 曾彩虹 Ceng; Baoyin, 袁宝茵 Yuan

doi:10.5846/stxb201306101588

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“…Diversity of rhizosphere fungal communities is associated with soil, host plants, and environmental factors (Becklin et al, 2012 ; Bonito et al, 2014 ; Krüger et al, 2017 ). Meanwhile, fungal compositions and diversities have been previously proved to be different in mangrove rhizosphere samples (Yu et al, 2015 ). Additionally, according to high-throughput amplicon sequencing studies, more than 100 fungi species could be detected from different mangroves rhizospheres (Yao et al, 2019 ), but many fungi cannot successfully grow in laboratory culture condition (Glynou et al, 2018 ), which often introduce the species bias or loss during the isolation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Draft Genomes and Comparative Analysis of Seven Mangrove Rhizosphere-Associated Fungi Isolated From Kandelia obovata and Acanthus ilicifolius

Shi

Chen²,

Ge³

et al. 2021

Front. Fungal Biol.

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Mangroves are one of the most productive and biologically diverse ecosystems, with unique plants, animals, and microorganisms adapted to the harsh coastal environments. Although fungi are widely distributed in the mangrove ecosystem and they are playing an important role in the decomposition of organic matter, their genomic profiles are still poorly understood. In this study, we isolated seven Ascomycota fungi (Westerdykella dispersa F012, Trichoderma lixii F014, Aspergillus tubingensis F023, Penicillium brefeldianum F032, Neoroussoella solani F033, Talaromyces fuscoviridis F034, and Arthrinium marii F035) from rhizospheres of two mangroves of Kandelia obovata and Acanthus ilicifolius. We sequenced and assembled the whole genome of these fungi, resulting in size ranging from 29 to 48 Mb, while contig N50 from 112 to 833 Kb. We generated six novel fungi genomes except A. tubingensis, and the gene completeness and genome completeness of all seven genomes are higher than 94%. Comparing with non-mangrove fungi, we found Carbohydrate-Binding Modules (CBM32), a subfamily of carbohydrate active enzymes, only detected in two mangrove fungi. Another two subfamilies, Glycoside Hydrolases (GH6) and Polysaccharide Lyases (PL4), were significantly different in gene copy number between K. obovata and A. ilicifolius rhizospheres (P-value 0.041 for GH6, 0.047 for PL4). These findings may indicate an important influence of mangrove environments or hosts on the ability of decomposition in rhizosphere fungi. Secondary metabolite biosynthesis gene clusters were detected and we found the mangrove fungi averagely contain 18 Type I Polyketide (t1pks) synthase, which was significantly higher than 13 in non-mangrove fungi (P-value 0.048), suggesting their potential roles in producing bioactive compounds that important for fungi development and ecology. We reported seven mangrove-associated fungal genomes in this study and compared their carbohydrate active enzymes and secondary metabolites (SM) genes with those of non-mangrove fungi, and the results suggest that there are differences in genetic information among fungi in different habitats.

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