A comparative study on factors affecting time to cover cracking as a service life indicator

Chen, Fangjie; Baji, Hassan; Li, Chun‐Qing

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.12.120

Cited by 42 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Based on Tuutii's model, other models considered the change in corrosion rate during the service life of reinforced concrete [106][107][108], or included additional stages for differentiating rust expansion, cover cracking and spalling/delamination in the definition of service life (Fig. 2) [109][110][111]. However, the level of deterioration is not linear as concrete cracking and spalling may accelerate the corrosion rate, whereas the production of corrosion products in cracked concrete may fill the pores, thus decreasing the corrosion rate.…”

Section: Corrosion Mechanisms Of Carbon Steel In Concretementioning

confidence: 99%

Reinforced concrete structures: A review of corrosion mechanisms and advances in electrical methods for corrosion monitoring

Rodrigues

Gaboreau

Gance

et al. 2021

Construction and Building Materials

184

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Steel corrosion is the main cause of deterioration of reinforced concrete (RC) structures. We provide an up-to-date review on corrosion mechanisms and recent advances in electrical methods for corrosion monitoring. When assessing corrosion mechanism, the inherent heterogeneity of RC structures and the significant effect of environmental factors remain major issues in data interpretations. The steel surface condition and local inhomogeneities at the steel-concrete interface appear to have an important effect on corrosion initiation. Considering uniform corrosion in atmospherically exposed reinforced concrete, the two main influencing factors of the corrosion process are the water content and the pore structure at the steel-concrete interface. However, irrespective of the depassivation mechanism, i.e. carbonation or chloride-induced corrosion, nonuniform corrosion is expected to be the main process for RC structures due to local variations in environmental exposure or the presence of interconnected rebars with different properties. Future studies may then be focused on their effect on macrocell corrosion to gain further insights in the corrosion mechanisms of RC structures. Concerning corrosion monitoring using electrical methods, the half-cell potential technique with potential mapping is accurate for locating areas with a high corrosion risk. Recent developments in the measurement of concrete resistivity have shown that the use of electrical resistivity tomography allows to consider appropriately the inherent heterogeneity of concrete and provides more insights on transport phenomena (e.g. water and salts ingress) in the material. Nevertheless, during the corrosion propagation stage, the polarization resistance remains the most important parameter to be determined as it provides quantitative information of the corrosion rate. If conventional three-electrode configuration methods can supply an accurate determination in the case of uniform corrosion, they often fail in the case of macrocell corrosion in field experiments. Recent advances have shown that a four-electrode configuration without any connection to the rebar can rather be used for the non-destructive testing and evaluation of corrosion. If studies are still required to quantify the corrosion rate, this method appears sensitive to localized corrosion and thus more suitable to field investigations. Finally, the coupling of numerical simulations with complementary electrical and other non-destructive testing methods is essential for consolidating the results to provide a better diagnosis of the service life of RC structures.

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Section: Corrosion Mechanisms Of Carbon Steel In Concretementioning

confidence: 99%

Reinforced concrete structures: A review of corrosion mechanisms and advances in electrical methods for corrosion monitoring

Rodrigues

Gaboreau

Gance

et al. 2021

Construction and Building Materials

184

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…After corrosion begins, steel is consumed and corrosion products (rust) are formed at the interface zone between the concrete and steel due to chemical reactions with moisture and oxygen. e corrosion products expand continuously, resulting in cracks and failure of components [11,12].…”

Section: Andoic Reaction Fementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A m is the atomic mass of Fe, n is the valency (assuming that the rust product is mainly iron hydroxide Fe(OH) 2 , n � 2), and F is the Faraday's constant (96485 coulombs per mol). e mass losses at 1/2 and 2/3 of the ACT duration were estimated using equation (12). Figure 6 shows the remaining masses of steel, starting from a nominal, undamaged 80 g per 6…”

Section: δM �mentioning

confidence: 99%

Time Scale of Chloride‐Induced Corrosion on Circular Section RC Linked Accelerated Test to Natural Corrosion

Zhang

Lan

Zhou

et al. 2021

Advances in Civil Engineering

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The time scale in accelerated decay is essential for studying the durability of reinforced concrete (RC) structures exposed to the chloride corrosion environment. An accelerated corrosion test (ACT) was carried out on RC specimens were conducted under different chloride concentrations and applied voltages, with the information of steel measured. A novel prediction model of the complete corrosion process is proposed to evaluate the time correlation between accelerated decay and natural corrosion. The corrosion process of RC is divided into two stages: corrosion initial stage and corrosion stage of reinforcement. For the first stage, the coefficient of circular section members is presented. For the second stage, the accelerated factor of the test for the natural environment is proposed based on the Arrhenius-type and Faraday’s law. It is calculated by making regressions among some values of parameters, while moving to natural corrosion are extrapolating. The accelerating effect of applied voltages increases in the low-chloride environment, which is better than that in the high-chloride environment. This study provides calibration of the time scale for laboratory tests to analyze the performance of RC structures after corrosion.

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“…In weiterer Folge kann es zur sichtbaren Absprengung der Betondeckung und zum ungeschützten Freiliegen der Bewehrung und in Folge zur Korrosion kommen. Delamination stellt damit, so sie erkannt wird, einen Indikator zur Detektion von möglicherweise korrodierter Bewehrung dar [22], welche eine der Hauptgründe für die Zustandsverschlechterung von Betonbauwerken darstellt [23]. In der Regel werden Delamination und Hohlräume durch Abklopfen der Betonoberfläche festgestellt.…”

Section: Physikalische Grundlagen Der Thermografieunclassified

Thermografie zur Erfassung von Schäden an Brückenbauwerken

Mold¹,

Auer²,

Strauß³

et al. 2020

Bautechnik

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Betonbauwerke wie Brücken sind ein wesentlicher Bestandteil des Straßennetzes. Um die Sicherheit und Gebrauchstauglichkeit einer Brücke zu gewährleisten, sind regelmäßige, z. T. aufwendige Inspektionen und Untersuchungen erforderlich, um Schäden an einem Bauwerk frühzeitig zu erkennen. Mit innovativen zerstörungsfreien Untersuchungsmethoden ist es möglich, den Schadenserkennungsprozess von Bauwerken zeitlich und kostenmäßig zu optimieren. In der Vergangenheit wurden bereits Drohnen für Oberflächenaufnahmen von Brücken mit Laserscan oder digitaler Bildgebung eingesetzt, um Schäden wie Risse und Abplatzungen zu erkennen. Diese Methoden sind zeitsparender als die herkömmlichen, komplexeren Verfahren zur Sichtprüfung. Um auch Schäden unter der Oberfläche mittels Flächenaufnahmen nachweisen zu können, wurde ein vielversprechender Ansatz – die Thermografie – untersucht. Ein großer Vorteil der Thermografie ist die flexible Einsatzmöglichkeit und zerstörungsfreie Anwendung am Bauwerk. Die Methode ermöglicht eine thermografische Aufzeichnung der gesamten Brücke. Durch Temperaturunterschiede auf der Oberfläche können Schäden wie Delamination, Hohlräume und Feuchtigkeitsstellen im Beton erkannt werden. Um die Zuverlässigkeit dieser Methode zur Erkennung der genannten Schäden gewährleisten zu können, wurden die Erkennungsgenauigkeiten und ‐grenzen ermittelt. Zu diesem Zweck wurden Tests an Betonproben durchgeführt, die Delamination, Hohlräume und feuchte Bereiche in unterschiedlichen Größen und Tiefen im Beton aufwiesen. Während der Tests wurden die Betonproben aktiv erhitzt. Im Laufe des Abkühlvorgangs erfolgte die Aufnahme der Oberfläche mit der Wärmekamera. Die Erstellung von nichtlinearen Finite‐Elemente‐Modellen der Testkörper ermöglichte weitere Variationen der Geometrien und der Temperaturen der Betonproben. Mittels der erhaltenen Daten konnte die Detektionswahrscheinlichkeit der untersuchten Schäden ermittelt und eine Empfehlung für die Anwendung dieser Methode gegeben werden.

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A comparative study on factors affecting time to cover cracking as a service life indicator

Cited by 42 publications

References 48 publications

Reinforced concrete structures: A review of corrosion mechanisms and advances in electrical methods for corrosion monitoring

Reinforced concrete structures: A review of corrosion mechanisms and advances in electrical methods for corrosion monitoring

Time Scale of Chloride‐Induced Corrosion on Circular Section RC Linked Accelerated Test to Natural Corrosion

Thermografie zur Erfassung von Schäden an Brückenbauwerken

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