A Comparative Study Of Water Quality Index (Wqi) Of Vagamon And Peermade Sub-Watersheds Of Meenachil And Pamba River Basins Of Western Ghats, Kerala, South India.

Abstract

Water quality rating methods provide a single number that reflects the combined influence of different water quality parameters and is of much significance in the sustainable development of a watershed. pH, EC, TDS, total alkalinity, total hardness, chloride, nitrate and sulphate were used to calculate WQI in weighted arithmetic index method. Accordingly water quality is classified as excellent, good, poor, very poor and unfit for drinking. Thematic maps for the study area were prepared from SOI toposheets and IRS P6 LISS-III image (P100/R67) using Arc GIS 9.2 software. Spatial distribution maps were prepared for both watersheds by adding WQI index values as attribute data. In both sub-watersheds, percentage of excellent category is higher during Post monsoon season compared to other two seasons. When both sub-watersheds are compared Vagamon has better water quality than Peermade sub-watershed. It is represented by 44.44% excellent, 44.44% good and 11.12% poor category of WQI during Pre monsoon season; 33.33% excellent and 66.67% good category of WQI during Monsoon season; and 77.78% excellent and 22.22% good category WQI during Post monsoon season. The corresponding values for Peermade sub-watershed, for different seasons are 36.36% excellent and good, 18.18% poor and 9.10% very poor WQI during Pre monsoon; 36.36% excellent, 54.55% good and 9.09% poor WQI during Monsoon; and 45.45% excellent and good and 9.10% very poor category WQI during Post monsoon season.

Adapted Water Quality Indices: Limitations and Potential for Water Quality Monitoring in Africa

“…Since then, there has been significant improvement and modification to existing indices as well as the development of new models. Some of the available WQIs include the Scatter score index [29], Index of River Water Quality [30], Overall Index of Pollution [31], Chemical WQI [32], Universal WQI [9], CCMEWQI [23], NSFWQI [33] Oregon WQI [20], and Weighted Arithmetic WQI [34]. These and many other WQIs have been developed with global and regional applicability.…”

Đánh Giá Ảnh Hưởng Của Thủy Triều Đến Chất Lượng Nước Mặt Vùng Bờ Thành Phố Hồ Chí Minh

“…Hiện nay, phương pháp này được ứng dụng hiệu quả trong việc phân tích và dự báo thủy triều, mô phỏng chế độ thủy lực cũng như quá trình lan truyền nồng độ các chất. Trên thế giới, có rất nhiều nghiên cứu đã ứng dụng chỉ số WQI để xác định hiện trạng chất lượng nước: Lưu vực sông Kelani (Sri Lanka) [15]; lưu vực sông Meenachil và Pamba (Nam Ấn Độ) [16]; đánh giá chất lượng nước tại một nhà máy xử lý nước ở thành phố Delhi (Ấn Độ) và mẫu nước được thu thập hàng tháng từ giếng khoan [17], sông Nadas (Romania) [18]... Tại Việt Nam đã có nhiều nghiên cứu cũng đã ứng dụng các mô hình toán trong việc đánh giá, dự báo và quản lý chất lượng nước mặt vùng bờ, trong đó phải kể đến nghiên cứu khả năng chịu tải tại ven bờ Cần Giờ bao gồm vịnh Đồng Tranh và Gành Rái [6]; nghiên cứu kết hợp hệ số phát thải để tính tải lượng ô nhiễm do hoạt động du lịch, tàu thuyền, chăn nuôi cho vùng nước ven đảo Cát…”

Seasonal variation in ground water quality and its suitability for drinking and agriculture –a case study in Kancheepuram region, Tamil Nadu, India

“…In earlier water quality studies, a number of grouped parameters were investigated to ascertain the water quality; the drinking water quality was also assessed by means of WQI; It is calculated from the relative weight of physico-chemical and biological properties present in the water such as pH, EC, TDS, TH (CaCO3), alkalinity, total suspended solids (TSS), calcium, magnesium, chloride, nitrate, sulphate, dissolved oxygen (DO) and bio-chemical oxygen demand (BOD) (Yogendra and Puttaiah 2008;Basavareddi et al, 2012;Srikanthan et al, 2013;Manju et al, 2014;Shobana et al, 2014;Upadhyay and Chandrakala, 2014 ). In addition to the above parameters, additional parameters are also added to the groups: the added parameters are: temperature, free CO2, COD, carbonate, bicarbonate, turbidity, sodium, potassium and phosphate (Joshi et al, 2009), iron, manganese and fluorides (Ramakrishnaiah et al, 2009;Kalra et al 2012;Tambekar et al 2012), ammonia, hexavalent chromium, heavy metals (Govindarajan and Senthilnathan, 2014), fecal coliform (Kankal et al, 2012), acidity, boron and salinity (Rupal et al, 2012).…”