A comparative study of two polychlorinated biphenyl mixtures (Aroclors 1242 and 1016) containing 42% chlorine on induction of hepatic porphyria and drug metabolizing enzymes

Goldstein, Joyce A.; Hickman, Patricia; Burse, Virlyn W.; Bergman, Hinda

doi:10.1016/0041-008x(75)90111-8

Cited by 61 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…day) reach equilibrium adipose tissue fat concentrations of 35 to 143 or 69 to 236 ppm, respectively, at 6 months, levels in the range of those observed in this study (Table 3). Similar levels in rats were also reported by Goldstein et al (53), who found a 3-and 12-fold increase in liver glucuronyl transferase activity with Aroclors 1016 and 1242, respectively.…”

Section: Pcb Effects On Microsomal Enzymessupporting

confidence: 75%

“…However, the observations were made at a time when the PCB levels had declined to background values, so that the pharmacologically active agents present were probably the PCDFs. Induction of glucuronyl transferase by Aroclor 1242 and 1016 has been reported in rats (16,53), as has also that of demethylases (16,53), aniline hydroxylase, (53) and cytochrome P-450 (16,53), but not that of the P-448 cytochrome (16). Burse et al.…”

Section: Pcb Effects On Microsomal Enzymesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of PCB exposure on biochemical and hematological findings in capacitor workers.

Lawton¹,

Ross²,

Feingold³

et al. 1985

Environ Health Perspect

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Certain former operations in capacitor manufacturing resulted in extensive direct contact of the workers with electrical grade polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). A study group of 194 such individuals, all exposed to Aroclor 1016 and many previously exposed to Aroclors 1242 and/or 1254, was examined before (1976) and after (1979) discontinuance of PCB use in the operations (1977). At the two examinations, the approximate geometric mean serum levels (in ppb) and 5 to 95% ranges were for lower PCBs (LPCB), 363 (57-2270) and 68 (12-392); and for higher PCBs (HPCB), 30 (6-142) and 19 (4-108), respectively.The statistical associations among 42 measured clinical chemical and hematological parameters, five different measures of PCB exposure, and seven confounding variables observed in the two examinations were determined by three regression procedures. Similar regressions were performed with DDE, which was present at background levels. The principal statistical findings were a depression in serum bilirubin and elevations in serum GGTP and lymphocyte levels at the time of the first examination, and only an elevation in monocytes at the second. Appraisal of the results suggested an induction of microsomal enzymes which appeared to be subsiding after the cessation of direct exposure to PCBs. The statistical association between serum levels of PCBs and lipids reported by others was confirmed, but shown to be explained by the partitioning behavior of PCB in the body, rather than to changes in liver function. No evidence for health impairment related to PCBs was found, despite the high serum levels of PCBs in the study population.

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Section: Pcb Effects On Microsomal Enzymessupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Pcb Effects On Microsomal Enzymesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of PCB exposure on biochemical and hematological findings in capacitor workers.

Lawton¹,

Ross²,

Feingold³

et al. 1985

Environ Health Perspect

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“…This idea was supported by Grote et al (29). Aroclor 1242 was found to be a more potent inducer of liver porphyria than Aroclor 1016 (14). Both Aroclors have similar chlorine content, but Aroclor 1242 contains 9% homologs with five or more chlorines while Aroclor 1016 contains only 1% of such homologs.…”

supporting

confidence: 69%

“…Similar results were reported by intraperitoneal injection of various PCBs in rats (/3). Goldstein et al (14) and Iverson et al (15) studied the effects of Aroclor 1016 and Aroclor 1242 on enzyme induction in rats. Both PCBs have approximately 42% chlorine, but the content of the penta-, hexa-, and heptachloro isomers of Aroclor 1016 is reduced to 10% of that in Aroclor 1242.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolism and biochemical toxicity of PCBs and PBBs

Matthews¹,

Fries²,

Gardner³

et al. 1978

Environ Health Perspect

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“…The toxicity, enzyme induction properties, and pharmacokinetics of PCBs in mixtures have been investigated in numerous studies (e.g., Platonow et al, 1972;Goldstein et al, 1975;Davis et al, 1993;Rozman et al, 1995;Schmitz et al, 1995;Osius et al, 1999;Romieu et al, 2000;Fadhel et al, 2002;Toyoshiba et al, 2004). High blood levels of several PCBs have been observed in exposed populations (e.g., fishermen living in the St. Lawrence river basin in Canada) and in breast-fed infants (Kreuzer et al, 1997;Kosatsky et al, 1998;Muckle et al, 2001).…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Physiologically Based Modeling of the Accumulation in Plasma and Tissue Lipids of a Mixture of PCB Congeners in Female Sprague-Dawley Rats

Emond

Charbonneau

Krishnan

2005

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A

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This study aimed to develop a physiologically based model for simulating the concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in tissue and plasma lipids of rats exposed to PCB mixtures. The model was based on the assumption that the neutral lipid fraction is the only critical determinant of the tissue distribution of PCBs, and that the solubility/retention in other tissue components is negligible. The volumes of the model compartments reflected the volumes of neutral lipids, whereas the flow rates corresponded to those of the neutral lipids in blood. Since the equilibrium ratio of PCB concentrations in neutral lipids of tissues and plasma equals 1, the present modeling approach does not require the use of tissue:blood partition coefficients. Metabolism rates were derived from the best visual fit of the model to the PCB concentrations in hepatic lipids determined on d 41 and 90 in rats exposed to a mixture containing 5, 50, or 500 microg PCBs (118, 138, 153, 170, 180 and 187) per kilogram body weight according to various protocols: (a) every-day dosing, (b) once-a-week dosing, (c) consecutive dosing for 13 d with no further treatment, and (d) 13 irregularly spaced doses. The resulting model consistently simulated the concentrations of PCBs in adipose tissue and plasma lipids of rats exposed according to the four described protocols. The physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model developed in this study should be useful as a basis for interpretating blood or plasma lipid concentration data on PCBs collected during biomonitoring studies.

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A comparative study of two polychlorinated biphenyl mixtures (Aroclors 1242 and 1016) containing 42% chlorine on induction of hepatic porphyria and drug metabolizing enzymes

Cited by 61 publications

References 20 publications

Effects of PCB exposure on biochemical and hematological findings in capacitor workers.

Effects of PCB exposure on biochemical and hematological findings in capacitor workers.

Metabolism and biochemical toxicity of PCBs and PBBs

Physiologically Based Modeling of the Accumulation in Plasma and Tissue Lipids of a Mixture of PCB Congeners in Female Sprague-Dawley Rats

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