A comparative study of the fish parasites Proteocephalus exiguus and P. percae (Cestoda: Proteocephalidae): morphology, isoenzymes, and karyotype

Hanzelová, Vladimíra; Šnábel, Viliam; Špakulová, Marta; Králová, Ivica; Fagerholm, Hans-Peter

doi:10.1139/z95-142

Cited by 29 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Proteocephalus sp. infestation is relatively common in salmonids of the pre-alpine lakes (Hanzelova et al, 1995). As the coregonids used in this experiment were wild-hatched, the observed Proteocephalus infestation appears to be inherent to this coregonid population and already present prior to the start of the experiment.…”

Section: Histopathologymentioning

confidence: 78%

Physiological stress and pathology in European whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus) induced by subchronic exposure to environmentally relevant densities of Planktothrix rubescens

et al. 2007

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Planktothrix rubescens belongs to the most ubiquitous cyanobacterial species in mesotrophic and oligotrophic lakes in the pre-alpine regions. In most of these lakes, coregonids are among the dominant species of the ichthyofauna with great importance for the professional fishery. A possible link between the occurrence of toxic Planktothrix blooms and the recurrent slumps in coregonid yields has been suggested. Indeed, acute toxic effects of microcystins and other cyanobacterial toxins have been shown for various fish species. However, chronic exposure scenarios appear to be more common and thus more environmentally realistic than acute intoxications. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate the physiological stress response and organ pathology in coregonids sub-chronically exposed to ambient water containing low, medium and high P. rubescens densities, known to be typical of pre-alpine lakes. Coregonid hatchlings were exposed in four tanks containing 0 (sham-control) and approximately 1500 (low), 15,000 (medium) and 55,000 (high) P. rubescens cells/ml for up to 28 days. Temperature, oxygen concentration, pH-value, P. rubescens cell density and microcystin concentration were recorded and the fish were observed for behavioural changes and examined for parasite infestations. Gill ventilation rates, general condition factors and mortalities were determined and liver, kidney, gut and gill were assessed histopathologically and immunhistologically.Depending on the cell density, exposed fish showed behavioural changes, including increased ventilation rates possibly representing a physiological stress response. Susceptibility to ectoparasitic infestation and increased mortality in exposed fish suggested P. rubescens associated effects on fish fitness. Histopathological alterations in liver, gastrointestinal tract and kidney, which were also immunopositive for microcystin suggested causality of tissue damage and the presence of microcystins. In contrast, observed gill pathology appeared to result primarily from mechanical abrasion and irritation due to ectoparasitic infestation. The current exposure experiment confirmed the hypothesis that subchronic and chronic exposure to low cyanobacterial cell densities and hence microcystins can exacerbate physiological stress and sustained pathological alterations in exposed coregonids. The study therefore supports the theory that P. rubescens blooms may be causal to the observed weight reduction and hence fitness of coregonids in pre-alpine lakes such as Lake Ammersee (Germany).

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Section: Histopathologymentioning

confidence: 78%

Physiological stress and pathology in European whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus) induced by subchronic exposure to environmentally relevant densities of Planktothrix rubescens

et al. 2007

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“…For comparative purposes, it is therefore recommended to use data on fixed differences recorded in related organisms (Andrews and Chilton 1999). Among the morphologically well characterized cestode species so far studied, the extent of fixed differences ranges from 26% to 100% (Baverstock et al 1985;de Chambrier et al 1992;Ba et al 1993;Hanzelova´et al 1995). In the current study, 9 of 16 presumptive loci were found to be fixed for different alleles (i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Within isoenzyme analyses, ACP has been used to investigate inter-and intraspecific genetic variation in several studies on cestodes. Renaud et al (1986), Andrews et al (1989), Novak et al (1989) and Hanzelova´et al (1995) used this enzyme to identify species of Bothriocephalus, Hymenolepis and Proteocephalus, in which a single invariant band was detected within the taxa examined. Intraspecific polymorphism of this enzyme has only been found in the cestode Diplogonorus grandis, recovered from humans, with two phenotypes recorded by Fukumoto et al (1988).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allozyme analysis of genetic variation and polymorphism in Eubothrium salvelini and E. crassum (Cestoda: Pseudophyllidea) from alpine lakes

et al. 2004

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The genetic structure of the most abundant species in the genus Eubothrium, E. crassum and E. salvelini, was studied by allozyme analysis in order to provide a consistent diagnosis for these morphologically similar species, as well as to assess their genetic relatedness. The proportion of fixed allelic differences (56.3%, 9 of 16 loci) between the species falls within the range accepted for valid species. A strict host specificity of E. crassum and E. salvelini for their typical host (lake trout, Arctic charr, respectively) was found in the French localities examined (Lake Annecy, Lake Bourget). For E. salvelini, polymorphism with the established allelic profile was found in the acid phosphatase (ACP) system. No significant deviation from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium expectations for ACP were found in either of the E. salvelini populations, which suggests predominantly cross-fertilization of these hermaphrodites. Analysis of the standardized variance in allelic frequencies demonstrated almost no among population differentiation (estimator theta of Fst = -0.03) between E. salvelini populations.

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“…In general, the accumulation of a small amount of AT-rich DNA repeats primarily in the centromeric regions of almost all chromosomes is the most commonly reported feature in tapeworms (Rausch and Rausch 1990;Mutafova and Gergova 1994;Hanzelová et al 1995;Špakulová and Scholz 1999;Kráľová-Hromadová et al 2010;Orosová et al 2010a, b). In K. sinensis and K. saurogobii, small heterochromatin blocks were observed on all chromosomes, except for the biggest metacentric chromosome pair (present data, Orosová et al 2010a).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Classical and molecular cytogenetics of Khawia sinensis (Cestoda: Caryophyllidea), invasive parasite of carp, Cyprinus carpio

Orosová

Oros

2011

Parasitol Res

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Chromosomes of the invasive tapeworm Khawia sinensis (Caryophyllidea), the specific parasite of common carp, were analyzed by means of conventional Giemsa staining and using fluorescent DAPI and YOYO-1 dyes, silver staining, and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) with 18S rDNA probe. The karyotype is composed of eight pairs of metacentric and telocentric chromosomes (2n = 16, n = 3m + 5t, TCL = 42.54 μm). Constitutive heterochromatin was located at pericentromeric regions of all pairs, except for the largest metacentric pair (no. 1), which possessed no DAPI-positive band. FISH with rDNA probe revealed that both homologues of chromosome pair no. 6 carry a cluster of ribosomal arrays, which were located interstitially close to the centromere. Present results are compared with previous cytogenetic data on Khawia spp., and comments are made on the karyotypes with respect to their phylogenetic links.

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A comparative study of the fish parasites Proteocephalus exiguus and P. percae (Cestoda: Proteocephalidae): morphology, isoenzymes, and karyotype

Cited by 29 publications

References 17 publications

Physiological stress and pathology in European whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus) induced by subchronic exposure to environmentally relevant densities of Planktothrix rubescens

Physiological stress and pathology in European whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus) induced by subchronic exposure to environmentally relevant densities of Planktothrix rubescens

Allozyme analysis of genetic variation and polymorphism in Eubothrium salvelini and E. crassum (Cestoda: Pseudophyllidea) from alpine lakes

Classical and molecular cytogenetics of Khawia sinensis (Cestoda: Caryophyllidea), invasive parasite of carp, Cyprinus carpio

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