A comparative study of ternary Al–Sn–Cu immiscible alloys prepared by conventional casting and casting under high-intensity ultrasonic irradiation

Thermodynamic properties and microstructure evolution of ternary Al–10%Cu–x%Sn immiscible alloys

“…(Al) + h + (Sn) at 801 and 501 K, respectively. These two values are very close to the calculated results of 797 and 500 K [21].…”

“…It also needs to be mentioned that these experimentally determined liquidus temperatures agree well with the calculated values [21] within the Sn content range from 3% to 40%, but are significantly lower than the calculation results [21] if the Sn content is larger than 40%. As presented in Fig.…”

“…For Al-Cu-Sn alloys, Schmid-Fetzer [11,21,22] reported that upon adding Cu element into binary Al-Sn system which just shows a metastable liquid miscibility gap, the ternary Al-Cu-Sn alloy system forms an isolated stable miscibility gap. On the basis of previously published work, they also set up the liquid surfaces of ternary Al-Cu-Sn alloys, as well as the vertical phase diagram at constant 30% and 60%Sn, and 30%Al sections by thermodynamic calculation and DTA experimental confirmation.…”

Modification of solidification microstructure in hypo- and hyper-eutectic Al–Si alloys under high-intensity ultrasonic irradiation

“…In each experiment, 250 ± 15 g alloy was taken out in a clay-graphite crucible preheated at 750°C, allowed to cool naturally while placed on a refractory slab, and ultrasonicated (at 20 kHz frequency, 25 lm amplitude) using a Ti-6Al-4V radiator (horn) immersed to 2 cm below the top melt surface. Experimental set up is described in detail elsewhere [8,10]. A thermocouple, connected to multichannel data logging system, was placed below the submerged radiator to record the cooling curves during solidification.…”

Structural morphologies of Cu–Sn–Bi immiscible alloys with varied compositions

“…However, the solidification mechanism of immiscible alloys is still not completely clear. Recently, numerous investigations were carried out to examine factors which may influence the solidification structure, including the composition [10,11], the cooling rate [12], the velocities of Marangoni and Stokes motions [13], the degree of undercooling [14], alloying element addition such as C, Cr, Mo, Nb, Si or V [15][16][17], and inoculants addition such as Al 2 O 3 , ZrO 2 and TiB 2 particles [19].…”