A comparative study of social and political attitudes of college students.

Factors affecting college grades: a review of the literature, 1930-1937.

“…Liberalism. In three studies (44,62,175) there was some relation between high grades and a tendency towards liberal or radical economic and social views, but in two cases there was also an intelligence advantage on the side of the liberals, while in the third intelligence was not noted.…”

Signed versus unsigned attitude questionnaires.

“…"In order to depersonalize the study," Bain wrote, "each student was given a number." Similarly, attitudinal studies by Dodd,* Garrison and Mann, 8 Harris, Remmers and Ellison,' Moore and Garrison, 11 Smith, 14 Uhrbrock, 16 and Gray, 8 made use of or recommended anonymous questionnaires. This list is not complete but it serves to illustrate a rather widespread conviction.…”

“…Despite the plausibility of theorizing about the effect of signatures upon results obtained from attitude questionnaires, the writer has been unable to locate any empirical studies on the point. Olson 11 has recently reported the effect of waiving the signature upon results obtained with the Woodworth-Mathew Personal Data Sheet, but the factors involved in such a situation would be only roughly analogous to attitude questionnaires in that the Woodworth-Mathew Sheet involves a different type of material. Consequently, the following brief report is of an inquiry undertaken in an attempt to determine the relationship between signed and unsigned attitude questionnaires.…”

Teacher trainees and authoritarian attitude

“…Seniority. Numerous studies of the attitudes of college students (2, 5, 20) have reported more liberalism and less prejudice among senior students than among juniors. Hartmann (9) found liberalism positively correlated with years of formal schooling, and Bugelski and Lestor (3) stated that while classes retested 2f years after graduation had not changed significantly.…”