A comparative study of scour around various shaped bridge pier

Abstract

The study of scouring around bridge piers is very significant and plays a very important role in the safe and economical design of bridge piers. The term scouring is a process by which bed particles around the periphery of the pier get eroded and removed over a certain depth resulting in the formation of a scour hole around the bridge piers. This paper presents a detailed investigation of local scouring around six different shapes namely rectangular, circular, chamfered, joukowsky, oblong, and sharp-nosed of bridge pier models for selecting the best and most economical bridge pier shapes based on local scouring. For the experimental studies, local scour depth is measured around all six different shapes of bridge piers with varying discharges and velocities of 0.0169 m3/s to 0.0355 m3/s and 0.17 m/s to 0.30 m/s respectively. It is found that scour depth around the rectangular shape of bridge pier is larger due to development of strong intensity of horseshoe vortex caused by flat exposed frontal area and scour depth around the sharp nose shape of the pier is smaller because of flow is bifurcated due to smooth curvature caused less intensity of development of horseshoe vortex. In the comparison of obtained results, it is reported that scour depth around a pier is exactly proportional to velocity of approach flow and exposed frontal area of the bridge pier. The result of this study can be likely used to help in selecting the best shape of the bridge piers as sharp nose shape of bridge piers is better among the other six bridge pier shapes for design purposes. Key Words: Local scour, shape of bridge pier, fine bed material, scour depth

Scouring around bridge pier: a comprehensive review of countermeasure techniques

“…The interaction between these two vortices creates a complex flow pattern that contributes to the scouring process. The horseshoe vortex generates a high-velocity jet of water along the face of the pier, leading to concentrated erosion at the base of the pier (Baranwal et al 2023b). Furthermore, the wake vortex generates a low-pressure zone downstream of the pier, causing sediment to be transported away from the riverbed.…”

A Review and Design Principle of Fixed-Bottom Foundation Scour Protection Schemes for Offshore Wind Energy

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Prediction of local scour depth around bridge piers: modelling based on machine learning approaches

“…Scouring depth around bridge piers depends on the intensity of approach flow, sediment transportation, and geometrical features of bridge piers. When horseshoe vortices form at the base of the pier, they cause erosion [1,2]. The degree of scouring is a crucial component that contributes to the collapse of the bridge base.…”

“…This interference resulted in local scour. Researchers such as [4][5][6] have conducted research over the past several decades and reported that the most common reason for bridge collapse is the removal of bed materials from the stream bed in the area close to the pier or abutment foundation. It is found that scouring around bridge piers is one of the main factors contributing to bridge deterioration.…”