A comparative study of nitrate leaching from soils of differing textures under similar climatic and cropping conditions

Vinten, A.J.A.; Vivian, Ben; Wright, F. S.; Howard, R. Stephen

doi:10.1016/0022-1694(94)90256-9

Cited by 57 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…We suspect that subsoil denitrification may be important here, as some of the water will pass through, or over the top of, a compacted C horizon of glacial till of sandy clay loam to clay loam texture. Leaching of chloride from a whole plot application at No 3 field, reported elsewhere, showed a very long chloride leaching tail (Vinten et al, 1992), possibly because of slow transport through the glacial till layer. Subsoil incubations showed substantial respiration in this subsoil material and significant denitrification when I5NO; was added under small oxygen tension (1 5 to 220 pg N kg-I d-l).…”

Section: Model Comparison With Measured Datasupporting

confidence: 52%

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Field evaluation of models of denitrification linked to nitrate leaching for aggregated soil

Vinten

Castle

Arah

1996

European J Soil Science

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Dynamic simulation models of the nitrogen cycle are an important aid for predicting the effect of land management on nitrate concentration in ground and surface waters. These models often neglect, or treat in a highly empirical way, the process of denitrification. The solute leaching model SLIM, suitable for use in aggregated soil, was linked to two alternative denitrification submodels ('simple structure' and 'aggregate assembly' treatments). The linked models can be used in dynamic simulation of the fate of nitrate in soil. The models were calibrated using water release and soil respiration data from two field sites (a clay loam and a sandy loam). The fate of Br-and 99 atom percentage "NO; tracers on drained plots was measured at these sites. Both models predicted less denitrification from plots receiving small inputs of fresh organic residue than was actually lost; both did better where residue inputs were large. The 'aggregate assembly' model predicted short-term losses immediately after incorporation of residues more successfully than did the 'simple structured' model. The simulated dynamics of denitrification during the autumn and winter in the two models were also very different. Overall N balances were better predicted in the clay loam than the sandy loam. Possible reasons for discrepancies between model output and real data include immobilization (especially when large inputs of residues were incorporated), denitrification in the subsoil, and an inadequate description of the way in which degradation of organic matter depends on temperature.

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Section: Model Comparison With Measured Datasupporting

confidence: 52%

“…Field work was carried out between July 1993 and March 1994 at two drained sites (Vinten et al, 1992(Vinten et al, , 1994) on the Bush Estate, 10 km south of Edinburgh. One soil is a clay loam derived from glacial till (Glencorse) and the other a sandy loam derived from partially sorted glacial till (No 3 field).…”

Section: Field Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field evaluation of models of denitrification linked to nitrate leaching for aggregated soil

Vinten

Castle

Arah

1996

European J Soil Science

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“…The correlations of the pooled data obscure even somewhat the fact that when separate sites are considered, correlations between EF and Nloss are in most cases higher than correlations for the pooled data. However, for some sites the correlations were notably lower: especially for the Scottish sites, negative correlation coefficients between EF and Nloss were found, which is explained by larger leaching losses in years with autumn chisel ploughing, whereas lower Nloss was observed in years when cultivation was delayed until late winter (Vinten et al, 1994).…”

Section: Exchange Frequency Of Soil Solutionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Assessment of the predictive quality of simple indicator approaches for nitrate leaching from agricultural fields

Buczko

Kuchenbuch²,

Lennartz

2010

Journal of Environmental Management

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“…A sandy clay loam soil (MacMerry series, Vinten et al, 1994) was packed into the lysimeters to within 15 cm of the upper rim giving a gradient of increasing bulk density down the soil profile. The top 28 cm was at a mean (± SEM) dry bulk density of 1.11 ± 0.025 g cm −3 , the middle 40 cm section was 1.15 ± 0.031 g cm −3 and the bottom 37 cm was 1.20 ± 0.034 g cm −3 (measured at the end of the experiment).…”

Section: Experimental Design and Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative assessment of the sensitivity of oilseed rape and wheat to limited water supply

Hess

Meir

Bingham

2015

Annals of Applied Biology

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The drought-sensitivity of oilseed rape (OSR, Brassica napus cv. SW Landmark) was investigated, using the more widely studied crop species wheat (Triticum aestivum cv. Tybalt) as a benchmark. The water relations of OSR and wheat were compared in lysimeter and controlled environment experiments to test the hypothesis that the growth of OSR is restricted to a greater extent by soil drying than wheat and to determine whether the greater sensitivity results from differences in root or shoot traits. Plants were grown, with or without irrigation, in 1.2 m tall lysimeters packed with a sandy clay loam soil. The experiment was conducted in an open-sided glasshouse to encourage air flow and to resemble a field environment as far as possible; plant population densities were equivalent to commercial crops. Irrigated OSR (evapo)transpired more water than wheat (498 vs. 355 mm), but had a comparable water use efficiency (WUE; 4.1 vs. 4.4 g DW mm −1 H 2 O). Oilseed rape showed a greater reduction in above-ground growth (52% vs. 21%) and a smaller increase in WUE (27% vs. 45%) when water was withheld. Oilseed rape also responded to soil drying at a lower soil moisture deficit than wheat; transpiration rates fell below the potential of irrigated plants when plant available water remaining in the soil profile declined from 54 to 23% compared to 38 to 9% for wheat. The root hydraulic conductivity of young OSR plants, measured on root surface area basis, was about twice that of wheat, and was comparable on a root length basis. The results show that OSR was more sensitive to a restricted water supply than the benchmark species wheat and that the greater sensitivity resulted from differences in shoot, rather than root, characteristics. The root system of OSR was at least as efficient as wheat at extracting water from soil.

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A comparative study of nitrate leaching from soils of differing textures under similar climatic and cropping conditions

Cited by 57 publications

References 15 publications

Field evaluation of models of denitrification linked to nitrate leaching for aggregated soil

Field evaluation of models of denitrification linked to nitrate leaching for aggregated soil

Assessment of the predictive quality of simple indicator approaches for nitrate leaching from agricultural fields

Comparative assessment of the sensitivity of oilseed rape and wheat to limited water supply

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