A Comparative Study of Melanin Content and Skin Morphology for Three Commonly Used Laboratory Swine (Sus scrofa domestica)

Vincelette, Rebecca L.; Shingledecker, Aurora D.; Roberson, Dawnlee J.; Sheldon, Katharine E; Oliver, Jeffrey C.; Washington, Carist; Jindra, Nichole M.; Kornegay, R W; Figueroa, Rick

doi:10.21236/ada576712

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…All other dielectric and thermal properties were taken from the IT'IS database (Hasgall et al 2018). The thicknesses of the layers were based upon biopsy data from Yorkshire pig flanks (Vincelette et al 2012).…”

Section: Exposure Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal damage to the skin from 8.2 and 95 GHz microwave exposures in swine

Parker,

Butterworth,

Rodriguez

et al. 2024

Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express

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A study of burn thresholds from superficially penetrating radio-frequency (RF) energy at 8.2 and 95 GHz for swine skin was conducted. The study determined the thresholds for superficial, partial-thickness, and full-thickness burn severities after 5 seconds of exposure at power densities of 4–30 W/cm2 and 2–15~W/cm2 at 8.2 and 95 GHz, respectively. There were significant differences in the burn thresholds at the different severities between the two frequencies due to the large difference in energy penetration depths. Biopsies were collected from each burn site at 1, 24, 72, and 168 hr post-exposure. Each sample was assessed by a burn pathologist against 20 histological factors to characterize the damage resulting from these RF overexposures. A one-dimensional, layered digital phantom that utilized realistic values for dielectric and thermal properties was used to explain some observed thresholds. The results of the heating and cooling response of the animal model, and histology scores of each exposure are provided to enhance future efforts at simulation of RF overexposures and to establish damage thresholds.

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Section: Exposure Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal damage to the skin from 8.2 and 95 GHz microwave exposures in swine

Parker,

Butterworth,

Rodriguez

et al. 2024

Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express

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“…Yucatan miniature pigs were chosen as the subjects for tissue measurement, as their skin has optical properties demonstrated to be most similar to humans [11,12]. Tissue samples were obtained from an exempt tissue sharing protocol, approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC), that allowed post-mortem tissue sharing from subjects on other approved protocols.…”

Section: Tissue Preparation and Mountingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of cold storage on double integrating sphere optical properties measurements of porcine skin and subcutaneous fat

Lopez

Keppler

Macasadia

et al. 2023

Optical Interactions With Tissue and Cells XXXIV

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Accurate values of the optical properties of skin and subcutaneous fat are important for a variety of applications, such as optical imaging techniques and computational modeling of possible hazardous laser exposure. Several studies are available in the published literature that report skin optical properties, but the method of tissue preparation and storage in these experiments can be variable. These methods include the application of some form of cold storage, such as refrigeration or freezing, which may in turn affect the optical properties of the tissues compared to the in vivo or freshly excised case. We measured the absorption and scattering coefficients of skin and subcutaneous fat samples prior to and following various methods of cold storage, particularly refrigeration, slow freezing, and flash freezing. Tissues were collected from two subjects in order to capture biological variability. We employed a double integrating sphere setup and the inverse adding-doubling method to determine optical properties. The results of this investigation will help contextualize existing studies on tissue optical properties and enable informed procedural design for future measurements.

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“…The swine model has become a conventional investigatory tool for laser safety studies due to the inherent structural and pigment similarities between porcine and human skin. 36,37 Samples of full-thickness skin were collected from terminated Yucatan miniature pigs from a separate study protocol that allowed tissue sharing. Tissue was surgically excised from the flank, back, and leg regions immediately following euthanasia in a clean necropsy suite, placed in plastic bags, and stored in a −30°C freezer until testing could be conducted.…”

Section: Sample Preparation and Ambient Temperature Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The skin thickness values were chosen based on studies of Yucatan miniature pig skin. 36,39 Radiative, convective, and evaporative boundary conditions were imposed on the surface of the epidermis, using an emissivity of 0.98, a convective heat transfer coefficient of 15 W∕m 2 • K, and a relative humidity of 40%. The initial temperature of the tissue was set to 37°C, with the ambient room temperature held at 20°C.…”

Section: Ablation Onset Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suprathreshold laser injuries in excised porcine skin for millisecond exposures at 1070 nm

et al. 2018

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Skin injury response to near-infrared (NIR) laser radiation between the minimum visible lesion threshold and ablation onset is not well understood. This study utilizes a 1070-nm diode-pumped Yb-fiber laser to explore the response of excised porcine skin to high-energy exposures in the suprathreshold injury region without inducing ablation. Concurrent high-speed videography is employed to determine a dichotomous response for three progressive damage categories: observable surface distortion, surface bubble formation due to contained intracutaneous water vaporization, and surface bubble rupture during exposure. Median effective dose (ED 50 ) values are calculated in these categories for 3-and 100-ms pulses with beam diameters (1∕e 2 ) of 3 mm (28, 35, and 49 J∕cm 2 ) and 7 mm (96, 141, and 212 J∕cm 2 ), respectively. Double-pulse cases are secondarily investigated. Experimental data are compared with the maximum permissible exposure limits and ablation onset simulated by a one-dimensional multiphysics model. Logistic regression analysis predicted injury events with ∼90% of accuracy. The distinction of skin response into progressive damage categories expands the current understanding of high-energy laser safety while underlining the unique biophysical effects during induced water phase change in tissue. These results prove to be useful in the diagnosis and treatment of NIR laser injuries.

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A Comparative Study of Melanin Content and Skin Morphology for Three Commonly Used Laboratory Swine (Sus scrofa domestica)

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Thermal damage to the skin from 8.2 and 95 GHz microwave exposures in swine

Thermal damage to the skin from 8.2 and 95 GHz microwave exposures in swine

The effects of cold storage on double integrating sphere optical properties measurements of porcine skin and subcutaneous fat

Suprathreshold laser injuries in excised porcine skin for millisecond exposures at 1070 nm

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