A comparative study of DNA damage in patients suffering from diabetes and thyroid dysfunction and complications

Thakkar, Nima V.; Jain, Sunita

doi:10.2147/cpaa.s11366

CPAA

2010

DOI: 10.2147/cpaa.s11366

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A comparative study of DNA damage in patients suffering from diabetes and thyroid dysfunction and complications

Nima V. Thakkar¹,

Sunita Jain²

Abstract: ObjectiveThe apoptotic DNA levels in blood leukocytes of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and thyroid dysfunctionism were evaluated.Materials and methodsSingle-cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay) detects migration of DNA from individual cell nuclei following alkaline treatment. Comet assay pattern was studied in individuals with T2D, hypothyroid (HT), hyperthyroid (HeT), and patients suffering from both diabetes mellitus and HT (HT + DM). Results were compared with the normal subjects (n = 9 in each grou… Show more

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Effect of l-Thyroxine on Micronuclei Frequency in Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes in Clinical and Experimental Conditions

et al. 2015

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The aim was to study the genotoxic effect of high concentration of thyroxine (T4) in vivo in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) of the patients suffering from thyroid disorders. The effect was compared by performing in vitro experiments with addition of increasing concentration of T4 (0.125-1 µM) in whole blood samples from healthy donors. Cytokinesis-blocked micronuclei (CBMN) assay method was used to assess the DNA damage in the PBL. The study included 104 patients which were grouped as control (n = 49), hyperthyroid (n = 31) and hypothyroid (n = 24). A significant increase in micronuclei (MN) frequency was observed in hyperthyroid patients when compared with the hypothyroid and euthyroid group thereby suggesting increased genotoxicity in hyperthyroidism (p < 0.001). A significant increase in MN frequency was observed at T4 concentration of 0.5 µM and above when compared to lower T4 concentrations (0.125 and 0.25 µM) and basal in in vitro experiments (p = 0.000). The results indicate that the T4 in normal concentration does not exhibit the genotoxic effect, as observed in both the in vivo and in vitro experiments. The toxicity of T4 increases at and above 0.5 μM concentration in vitro. Therefore acute T4 overdose should be handled promptly and effectively so as to avoid the possible genotoxic effect of high concentration of T4 in vivo.

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Effect of l-Thyroxine on Micronuclei Frequency in Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes in Clinical and Experimental Conditions

et al. 2015

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Labilization of the DNA structure in peripheral blood lymphocytes of COVID-19 patients

Popova,

Kuzmin,

Ilyushina

et al. 2024

Hygiene and Sanitation

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Introduction. Available data indicate the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus to be potent of impairing DNA repair processes and cause oxidative stress, which can lead to the accumulation of DNA damage in human cells. However, the DNA-damaging effect of the virus has not yet been sufficiently studied. The purpose of the research was to study the ability of SARS-CoV-2 to cause DNA damage in human peripheral blood lymphocytes. Materials and methods. One hundred forty COVID-19 patients and 24 donors of the control group are included in the study. The level of DNA fragmentation in lymphocytes was determined by alkaline DNA-comet assay. Statistical differences between the mean medians of the «%DNA in the comet tail» (tail DNA%) were assessed using Student’s t-test. The Jeffers test was used to compare the proportions of cells with different levels of DNA-damage. Statistical differences between groups were assessed using the Mann-Whitney test. Results. In the COVID-19 patients, an increase in the level of breaks and alkali-labile sites in DNA was revealed when compared to controls (p = 0.025). In the group of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2, the proportion of comets with DNA damage of up to 5% decreased (p = 0.009), while the proportion of comets containing more than 10% DNA tail increased (p = 0.000). The number of atypical comets compared to the control increased by 3.7 and 5.9 times with mild and moderate severity of the disease, respectively (r = 0.993; p = 0.001). In the association with diseases – coronary heart disease (CHD) and diabetes mellitus type II (DM type 2), the level of DNA fragmentation in lymphocytes statistically significantly increased compared to the group of patients without these diseases. Limitations. A limitation is the lack of data on DNA-structure damage in severe COVID-19 disease. Conclusion. SARS-CoV-2 infection leads to labilization of the DNA structure in human peripheral blood lymphocytes. The level of DNA damage depends on the severity of COVID-19 and the presence of comorbid diseases: CHD and DM type 2. The results of the study are important for understanding the mechanisms of action of the virus on human immunocompetent cells.

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A comparative study of DNA damage in patients suffering from diabetes and thyroid dysfunction and complications

Cited by 2 publications

References 22 publications

Effect of l-Thyroxine on Micronuclei Frequency in Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes in Clinical and Experimental Conditions

Effect of l-Thyroxine on Micronuclei Frequency in Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes in Clinical and Experimental Conditions

Labilization of the DNA structure in peripheral blood lymphocytes of COVID-19 patients

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