A Comparative Study of Different Moisture Stress Tolerant Rice Varieties in Kalahandi District of Odisha

Abstract

Plant growth and productivity of rice is adversely affected by various biotic and abiotic stress factors. Water deficit is one of the major abiotic stresses, which affects crop growth and yield. Majority of rice cultivated areas in south Asia is under rainfed, where water stress at any stages of growth causes sharp decline in yield. The present study was carried out through front line demonstration under a ‘National Innovation in Climate Resilient Agriculture’ (NICRA) project during kharif seasons of 2018 and 2019 in two villages namely Pipalpada and Kinipadar of Kalahandi district of Odisha with an objective to evaluate the performance of short duration rice varieties viz. Swarna Shreya, Sahabhagidhan, DRR-42 and Naveen as compared to the farmers variety (MTU-1010). Swarna Shreya matured in 115 days and recorded higher plant height (126.83 cm), effective tillers/hill (19.33), length of panicle (28.50 cm), number of panicle/m2 (305.0), filled grains/panicle (128.72) and 1000 grain weight (25.51 g) over other varieties. This variety also produced the highest grain yield of 4.16 t ha-1 with harvest index of 0.56 and total dry matter of 538.10 /m2. The Swarn Shreya produced higher net return of Rs. 41,975/ha with a benefit-cost ratio of 1.20 and additional net return of Rs. 9735/ha as compared to farmers’ variety. The growth and yield performance of Swarna Shreya was found to be satisfactory in spite of occurrence of frequent dry spells during different crop growth stages. Thus, the existing variety, MTU-1010, may be replaced with Swarna Shreya for more productivity, income tolerant during moisture stress conditions.

Efficacy of Drought Tolerant Rice Variety Swarna Shreya in North-eastern Ghat Zone of Odisha through Frontline Demonstration

“…This might be due to higher yield obtained under improved practices compared to farmers practice. These results are also in conformity with the findings of Malik et al [9], Singh et al [14] and Girish et al [15].…”

“…of effective tiller/hill (11)(12)(13), number of filled grains per panicles (137-148) and test weight (24.5-25 g) were higher as compared to 198-210, 22-24 cm, 110-125 and 23.5-25 g under farmers practice (Table 2). These results are also in accordance with previous researchers Samant et al [7], Mishra et al [8], Malik et al [9]. Similar results were reported by Gupta and Sharma [10] and Singh et al [11].…”

“…The variation in thousand seed weight might be due to the differences in length and breadth of the seeds that were partly controlled by the genetic make-up of the genotypes. These results are also in confirmatory with Sneha et al [12] and Mallik et al [9]. The yield data indicated that through frontline demonstration, rice yield ranged from 35.0 q ha -1…”

“…The percent increase in yield over farmers' practice was highest during Kharif-2021(Table 2). Corroborative results in rice and others crops were also given by Malik et al [9], Samant et al [7], Mishra et al [8].…”