A comparative study of D-dimer levels in adult patients with sickle cell anemia at Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital Zaria, Nigeria

Kusfa, Ibrahim Usman; Mamman, Aisha Indo; Babadoko, Aliyu; Yahaya, Garba; Ibrahim, Ismaila Nda; Awwalu, Sani; Waziri, Aliyu Dahiru; El-Bashir, Jibril M

doi:10.4103/njbcs.njbcs_1_17

Cited by 4 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…The total WBC count observed in this study was significantly higher among subjects with SCA than the controls. Same observation was made by Antwi-Baffour and colleagues in 2019 [27], Hilliard and colleagues in 2018 [28] and Kusfa and colleagues in 2017 [29].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 64%

“…Separately, in previous studies, leukocytosis was found to be a common feature in patients with SCA in steady state in the absence of infection. In another study by Kusfa and colleagues [29] who suggested that the generation of an inert inflammatory response led to release of cytokine mediators whose function is to increase production of neutrophils by the bone marrow. This agrees with studies carried out by other researchers that sickle cell anaemia (SCA) is often characterized by marked inflammation, leukocytosis, leukocyte activation, and potentially increased leukocyte adhering to the vascular endothelium [30].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the significant correlation between MCH and haemoglobin in subjects with SCA has been associated with continuous haemolysis of red blood cells thereby reducing their survival to 10-20 days and splenic sequestration. Therefore, reduced haemoglobin concentration in subjects with SCA serves as a reflection of both degree of anaemia and degree of haemolysis [29].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Changes in Haematological Parameters of Sickle Cell Anaemia Subjects in Rivers and Bayelsa States

Mbeera

Akwuebu

Ezimah³

et al. 2021

IBRR

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Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in some haematological parameters in sickle cell anaemia subjects in Rivers State. Study Design: This study is a cross-sectional observational study. Place and Duration of Study: University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Rivers State, and the Federal Medical Centre, Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, between the months of February and August, 2020. Methodology: A total of four hundred and fifty (450) subjects with age range of 1-50 years were randomly selected. There are about 200 registered patients (adults and children alike) at the sickle cell clinics of the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, and the Federal Medical Centre, Yenagoa, with an average of 4 new patients per month. The sample size was obtained using a prevalence of sickle cell anaemia of 2% and the sample size was calculated using Cochran sample size formula. Five milliliters (5ml) of venous blood sample was withdrawn from the peripheral vein in the upper limb of subjects using a standard venipuncture technique. The sample was rocked gently to mix and kept at room temperature and the haematological parameters were analyzed within 4 hours of samples collection. The haematological parameters: total white blood cell count (WBC), red blood cell count (RBC), Haemoglobin concentration (Hb), Haematocrit, mean cell volume (MCV), mean cell haemoglobin (MCH), mean cell haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), red cell distribution width (RDW-CV), Platelet count (PLT), MPV, Neutrophils, Lymphocyte, Monocyte, Eosinophils, and Basophils) were analyzed using Mindray BC-6800 auto Haematology analyzer system. Data management and statistical analyses were conducted using Statistical Analyses System SAS 9.4 (SAS Institute, Cary, North Carolina, USA) and p values less than .05 were considered statistically significant. Results: The results showed the mean comparison of haematological parameters in sickle cell anaemia and control subjects. The mean comparison of Haemoglobin F was significantly reduced statistically (p<.05) in vaso-occlusive crises (VOC) condition than steady state compared with the control group. There was increase trend of haematological parameters showing statistically significant difference across the subject conditions compared with the control. There were exceptions in few cases especially in lymphocytes which was not significant (p>.05) in the steady state and vaso-occlusive crisis compared with the control. Similarly, Neutrophils was not significant (p>.05) in the steady state and vaso-occlusive crisis compared with the control. Furthermore, Basophils was more significant (p<.05) in the steady state than in the vaso-occlusive crisis and control groups. Similarly, absolute eosinophil was less significant statistically (p<.05) in the steady state and vaso-occlusive crisis than in the control group. Conclusion: This study has shown that there are changes in haemtological parameters between SCA subjects and control subjects and the VOC and steady state sickle cell anaemia (SCA) subjects.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 64%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Changes in Haematological Parameters of Sickle Cell Anaemia Subjects in Rivers and Bayelsa States

Mbeera

Akwuebu

Ezimah³

et al. 2021

IBRR

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“…16 This agrees with the work of Kusfa who reported highly elevated levels of D-Dimer in sickle cell patients in their study. 11 The sickle cell carriers in this study had D-Dimer levels comparable to that of the controls signifying normal activation of coagulation and fibrinolysis in sickle cell carriers. The mechanism responsible for higher D-Dimer in sickle cell mutation carriers is not clear.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

“…8 Similar studies in adults also showed that D-Dimer level are higher in sickle cell disease in a steady state and tend to be highly elevated in the presence of acute sickle cell disease crisis. [9][10][11] However, the discomfort associated with blood draws as well as the use of sophisticated equipment required for laboratory determination of D-Dimer level in the blood sample makes daily monitoring of D-Dimer levels for persons with sickle cell disease unfeasible. This study therefore seeks to extend previous research works by finding the link between D-Dimer levels and blood flow speed in sickle cell disease, measured with an affordable, non-invasive, portable device (BF-560 Ultrasound Vascular Doppler) which can be used for domestic monitoring of daily blood flow speed as a surrogate of D-Dimer level for predicting episode of sickle cell disease crisis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Speed of capillary blood flow and d-dimer levels in sickle cell anaemia patients in Calabar, cross river state

et al. 2021

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Background: The experience of painful episodes of ill health caused by sequelae of erythrocytes sickling, impaired blood flow, hypercoagulation and vaso-occlusion is one of the hallmarks of sickle cell disease. Preventing painful episodes and promoting the physical wellbeing of persons with sickle cell disease is usually a major objective in the management of the condition. The purpose of this study is to investigate capillary blood flow and D-Dimer activities in people with sickle cell anaemia.Methods: A total of 90 subjects (27 males and 63 females) participated in the study, the study comprised of 34 HbSS patients, three were in crisis and thirty-one in steady state, 9 sickle cell carriers (HbAS) and 47 HbAA were control subjects. The haemoglobin phenotype was determined using haemoglobin electrophoresis at alkaline pH (8.6), speed of capillary blood flow was estimated using vascular Doppler ultrasonographic technique and D-Dimer was determined using ELISA method.Results: Results obtained showed that there was a significant variation (p=0.042) in the mean levels D-Dimer among the groups. There was however no significant variations (p>0.05) in the other parameters among the groups. A post hoc analysis of mean D-Dimer in sickle cell patients, sickle cell carriers and controls showed that the sickle cell patients had significantly higher D-Dimer levels compared with controls.Conclusions: Sickle cells patients in steady state had higher D-Dimer levels compared with controls and sickle cell patients in crisis had lower speed of capillary blood flow when compared to sickle cell patients in steady state and controls.

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COVID-19 and Sickle Cell Disease: Two Independent Risk Factors for Venous Thromboembolism

Saxena¹,

Muthu²

2023

Cureus

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Coronavirus disease 2019 , caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has been widely documented as a multi-systemic illness and associated with an increased incidence of thromboses. Likewise, sickle cell disease (SCD) is a hematologic disease responsible for widespread effects on the vasculature and is also associated with elevated thrombotic risk. In this review, we examine the incidence rates of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in SCD and COVID-19 independently and review the mechanisms of coagulopathy associated with both diseases. We describe the possible associations and commonalities between VTE mechanisms, as both diseases cause widespread inflammation that influences each tenet of Virchow's triad. We also discuss current anticoagulation guideline recommendations for the prevention of VTE events in each of these diseases. We report on current literature to date describing rates of VTE in SCD-COVID-19 patients and outline prospective areas of research to further understand the possible synergistic influence of coagulopathy in these patients. The association between SCD and COVID-19 remains a largely under-researched area of coagulopathy in current hematology and thrombotic literature, and our report lays out potential future prospects in the field.

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A comparative study of D-dimer levels in adult patients with sickle cell anemia at Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital Zaria, Nigeria

Cited by 4 publications

References 1 publication

Evaluation of Changes in Haematological Parameters of Sickle Cell Anaemia Subjects in Rivers and Bayelsa States

Evaluation of Changes in Haematological Parameters of Sickle Cell Anaemia Subjects in Rivers and Bayelsa States

Speed of capillary blood flow and d-dimer levels in sickle cell anaemia patients in Calabar, cross river state

COVID-19 and Sickle Cell Disease: Two Independent Risk Factors for Venous Thromboembolism

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