A comparative study of CO2 and CH4 adsorption using activated carbon prepared from pine cone by phosphoric acid activation

Khalili, Soodabeh; Khoshandam, Behnam; Jahanshahi, Mohsen

doi:10.1007/s11814-016-0138-y

Cited by 40 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In the case of all the studied cone species, it was found that the higher the torrefaction temperature, the higher the percentage share of carbon and the lower the shares of oxygen and hydrogen, which is consistent with a previous study by Basu [ 9 ]. In the case of hydrogen, its percentage share in the reference sample and in samples torrefied at 200–275 °C was between 5.1–5.7%, which corresponds to the 5–9% range cited in the literature [ 48 , 49 , 50 ]. Samples exposed to 320 °C exhibited lower hydrogen levels (4.1–4.4%).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…At 320 °C, the increments in the percentage share of nitrogen amounted to 0.2% for pine, 0.6% for spruce, and 0.4% for larch with respect to the reference samples. According to literature data [ 49 , 50 , 52 ], the range of nitrogen content in forest material is very wide, from 0.1% to 6.5%. ANOVA revealed that the observed effects of torrefaction temperature changes on the relative proportions of C, H, N, and O in samples were statistically significant.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Changes in the Composition and Surface Properties of Torrefied Conifer Cones

et al. 2020

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The paper investigated the torrefaction of cones from three tree species: Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), Norway spruce (Picea abies L.), and European larch (Larix decidua Mill.). The objective was to determine the effects of torrefaction temperature on the properties of cones with a view to their further use as a renewable energy source. Torrefaction was conducted at 200, 235, 275, and 320 °C for 60 min under an inert gas atmosphere. Elemental composition, ash content, and lower heating value (LHV) were measured for the original and torrefied samples. Torrefaction performance was evaluated using formulas for solid yield, higher heating value (HHV), HHV enhancement factor, as well as energy yield. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to assess elemental composition and structural changes at the surface of the torrefied material. For all the studied conifer species, the higher the torrefaction temperature, the greater the carbon and ash content and the higher the LHV (a maximum of 27.6 MJ·kg−1 was recorded for spruce and larch cones torrefied at 320 °C). SEM images showed that an increase in process temperature from 200 to 320 °C led to partial decomposition of the scale surface as a result of lignin degradation. Cone scales from all tree species revealed C, O, N, Mg, K, and Si at the surface (except for pine scales, which did not contain Si). Furthermore, the higher the temperature, the higher the enhancement factor and the lower the energy yield of the torrefied biomass. Under the experimental conditions, spruce cones were characterized by the lowest weight loss, the highest HHV, and the highest energy yield, and so they are deemed the best raw material for torrefaction among the studied species.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in the Composition and Surface Properties of Torrefied Conifer Cones

et al. 2020

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“…The results indicate that NAC had abundant acidic/basic functional groups in its structure. Compared to the AC, the amine polymerization of char and activation of it with activation agent increased the number of basic groups on the surface of adsorbent. The higher content of nitrogen groups of prepared adsorbent led to increase of the CO 2 adsorption.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of nitrogen doped activated carbon/polyaniline material for CO₂ adsorption

Peyravi

2017

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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“…Due to the high content of organic matter in forest waste, carbon occurs mainly in its organic carbon form. According to a number of authors, carbon content varies by between 45–55% [ 5 , 45 , 50 , 60 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 ]. The carbon (C) content depends on the plant species and parts sampled.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In all of the tested samples, hydrogen content ranged between 5.37–6.62%. Other authors estimated that the content of hydrogen is 5–9% in wood residues [ 45 , 48 , 50 , 56 , 60 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 ]. For the tested samples, nitrogen content ranged from 0.6–0.8% in cones (No.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Composition of Forest Waste in Terms of Its Further Use

et al. 2021

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This paper presents the results of the analysis of the chemical composition and content of heavy metal contamination in forest logging residues, in order to assess the possibility for their further utilisation. The samples were divided into 9 groups, which included coniferous tree cones, wood, and other multi-species logging residues. The elementary composition, ash content, and calorific value were determined as energy use indicators for the samples. Additionally, the content of heavy and alkali metals, which may affect combustion processes and pollutant emissions, was tested. The high content of heavy metals may also disqualify these residues for other uses. The research shows that the test residues are suitable for energy use due to their high calorific value and low content of heavy metals. However, an increased ash content in some samples and the presence of alkali metals, causing high-temperature corrosion of boilers, may disqualify them as a potential fuel in the combustion process. The forest residues may be used in other thermal processes such as pyrolysis or gasification. A low content of heavy metals and a high content of organic matter permit the use of these residues for the production of adsorbents or composite materials.

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A comparative study of CO2 and CH4 adsorption using activated carbon prepared from pine cone by phosphoric acid activation

Cited by 40 publications

References 40 publications

Changes in the Composition and Surface Properties of Torrefied Conifer Cones

Changes in the Composition and Surface Properties of Torrefied Conifer Cones

Synthesis of nitrogen doped activated carbon/polyaniline material for CO₂ adsorption

Assessment of the Composition of Forest Waste in Terms of Its Further Use

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A comparative study of CO2 and CH4 adsorption using activated carbon prepared from pine cone by phosphoric acid activation

Cited by 40 publications

References 40 publications

Changes in the Composition and Surface Properties of Torrefied Conifer Cones

Changes in the Composition and Surface Properties of Torrefied Conifer Cones

Synthesis of nitrogen doped activated carbon/polyaniline material for CO2 adsorption

Assessment of the Composition of Forest Waste in Terms of Its Further Use

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Product

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Synthesis of nitrogen doped activated carbon/polyaniline material for CO₂ adsorption