A comparative study of chromosome characters in four species of Elsholtzia Will. (Lamiaceae) in Japan and China

Funamoto, Tsuneo; Chen, Xiang; Ogawa, Makoto; Peng, Hua

doi:10.3199/iscb.7.119

Cited by 4 publications

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“…Based on a sampling of all genera of Elsholtzieae using two nrDNA and four cpDNA markers, the results by Chen et al [ 31 ] confirmed that the previously incertae sedis genus Ombrocharis is a member of the tribe and sister to Perillula . Contemporaneously, based on results from molecular phylogenetic analyses [ 31 ] and karyological studies [ 100 ], Mayta-Anco et al [ 101 ] established a new genus, Vuhuangia Solomon Raju, Molinari & Mayta, to accommodate Elsholtzia flava (Benth.) Benth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An updated tribal classification of Lamiaceae based on plastome phylogenomics

et al. 2021

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Background A robust molecular phylogeny is fundamental for developing a stable classification and providing a solid framework to understand patterns of diversification, historical biogeography, and character evolution. As the sixth largest angiosperm family, Lamiaceae, or the mint family, consitutes a major source of aromatic oil, wood, ornamentals, and culinary and medicinal herbs, making it an exceptionally important group ecologically, ethnobotanically, and floristically. The lack of a reliable phylogenetic framework for this family has thus far hindered broad-scale biogeographic studies and our comprehension of diversification. Although significant progress has been made towards clarifying Lamiaceae relationships during the past three decades, the resolution of a phylogenetic backbone at the tribal level has remained one of the greatest challenges due to limited availability of genetic data. Results We performed phylogenetic analyses of Lamiaceae to infer relationships at the tribal level using 79 protein-coding plastid genes from 175 accessions representing 170 taxa, 79 genera, and all 12 subfamilies. Both maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses yielded a more robust phylogenetic hypothesis relative to previous studies and supported the monophyly of all 12 subfamilies, and a classification for 22 tribes, three of which are newly recognized in this study. As a consequence, we propose an updated phylogenetically informed tribal classification for Lamiaceae that is supplemented with a detailed summary of taxonomic history, generic and species diversity, morphology, synapomorphies, and distribution for each subfamily and tribe. Conclusions Increased taxon sampling conjoined with phylogenetic analyses based on plastome sequences has provided robust support at both deep and shallow nodes and offers new insights into the phylogenetic relationships among tribes and subfamilies of Lamiaceae. This robust phylogenetic backbone of Lamiaceae will serve as a framework for future studies on mint classification, biogeography, character evolution, and diversification. Graphical abstract

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An updated tribal classification of Lamiaceae based on plastome phylogenomics

et al. 2021

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“…These types correspond well with our three major groups: Clade IV, Clade I Subclade IV, and Clade I Subclades I–III. To date, chromosome numbers have been reported for only twelve species in Elsholtzia , which are mostly diploids with the same number of chromosomes [2 n = 2x = 16 or infrequently 18] 36 . They are occasionally tetraploids [e.g., E. ciliata (Thunb.)…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ianthina (Maxim. ex Kanitz) C. Y. Wu & S. C. Huang (= E. densa ), 2 n = 4x = 32] 36 – 38 . However, it is interesting to note that the chromosome number (2 n = 20) of E. flava and E. penduliflora (Clade IV) is reportedly quite different from that of the remainder of Elsholtzia species 36 , 39 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ex Kanitz) C. Y. Wu & S. C. Huang (= E. densa ), 2 n = 4x = 32] 36 – 38 . However, it is interesting to note that the chromosome number (2 n = 20) of E. flava and E. penduliflora (Clade IV) is reportedly quite different from that of the remainder of Elsholtzia species 36 , 39 . The pair of E. flava and E. penduliflora also exhibit unique morphological traits compared to other species in the genus (e.g., stamens attached to the upper lip, the digitation of flower disc shorter than the ovary, nutlets attached near the base) 12 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular phylogenetics and biogeography of the mint tribe Elsholtzieae (Nepetoideae, Lamiaceae), with an emphasis on its diversification in East Asia

Liu

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Elsholtzia and its allied genera such as Collinsonia and Perilla (tribe Elsholtzieae, Lamiaceae) are an ecologically and economically important plant group consisting of ~71 species, with most species distributed in East and Southeast Asia, and several species in North America. Their phylogeny and historical biogeography resulting in a distant intercontinental disjunction are poorly understood. Here we use two nuclear (ETS, ITS) and five chloroplast (rbcL, matK, trnL-F, ycf1, ycf1-rps15) fragments to reconstruct the phylogeny, biogeographic history, and patterns of diversification of Elsholtzieae. The tribe Elsholtzieae is monophyletic and divided into five clades. The woody Elsholtzia species are nested within herbaceous ones and are inferred to have evolved from herbaceous ancestors. Molecular dating shows that the five major clades were established during the Eocene period, but most of the modern diversity did not originate until the Miocene. The divergence between the New World Collinsonia and the Old World Mosla-Keiskea-Perilla clade was dated to the mid-Miocene. Ancestral area reconstructions suggest that the tribe originated in East Asia, and then dispersed to Southeast Asia and North America. Overall, our findings highlight the important roles of the uplifts of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) and climate changes from Middle Miocene onwards in promoting species diversification of Elsholtzieae.

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“…2A, D , F, H and J). This resting nucleus type is the same type as the other genera in Lamiaceae (eg; Funamoto 2007;Funamoto et al 2008Funamoto et al , 2009Funamoto et al , 2011Funamoto et al and 2012. The mitotic metaphase chromosomes in these five taxa had commonly small sized chromosomes and monomodal (gradual) degraded in the chromosome length from the longest to the shortest chromosomes, and thus, formed Mosla japonica (Benth ex Oliv.)…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 62%

Comparative karyomorohplogical studies in four species and one variety of Mosla Buch.-Ham. ex Maxim. (Lamiaceae) in Japan

Funamoto

Ogawa

Kariyama³

2014

Chromosome Botany

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ABSTRACT. Karyomorphology of four species and one variety of Japanese Mosla were observed. They had commonly chromosomal characters at resting nuclei of the complex chromocenter type, and the mitotic metaphase cells showed 2n=36 for M. japonica, 2n=18 for M. chinenis, M. scabra, M. dianthera and M. dianthera var. nana. The chromosome numbers of 2n=18 and 36 were considered diploid and tetraploid, respectively if the basic number x=9 was accepted. The chromosome number of 2n=18 for M. dianthera var. nana was reported here for the first time, and that of the other four species were verified with the previous reports. The karyotypes of five taxa had commonly similar karyomorphology to each other except for chromosome numbers; small sized chromosomes (2.2 to 1.1 µm long), mono-modal (gradual) decrease in chromosome length from the longest to the shortest chromosomes, and consists of median-and submedian-centromeric chromosomes. The genus Mosla Buch.-Ham. ex Maxim. is one of the three genera in the subtribe Perillinae Briq., the family Lamiaceae (Labiatae), consists of about 22 species (Wu and Li 1977b;Li and Hedge 1994), that are commonly annual herbs and aromatic plants, and grow in grassy slopes, forest margins, hills thickets, open hills and stream-sides in temperate regions of India, Southeast Asia and East Asia. Among the species of this genus, 12 species are found in China (Li and Hedge 1994) and four species and one variety grow in Japan (Murata and Yamazaki 1993). KEYWORDS:Seven species (including a synonym) of Mosla have been cytologically studied previously and documented their chromosome numbers as n=9, 2n=18 and 2n=36 (e.g., Sugiura 1931;Suzuka 1953;Mehra and Gill 1968;Gill 1971Gill , 1984Probatova and Sokolovskaya 1986;Sokolovskaya et al. 1986;Zhang and Xu 1988;Hsieh and Huang 1999), and these studies are only chromosome numbers reports. This paper reports detailed karyomorpholoies (the resting nucleus and the mitotic metaphase chromosomes) in the Japanese species of Mosla. MATERIALS AND METHODSSixty-nine plants of four species and one variety of Mosla were collected in 14 localities in Japan ( Fig. 1; Table 1), and cultivated in unglazed plant-pots in shade place in the experimental garden of Showa Pharmaceutical University. Chromosome observations were made in meristematic cells of fresh root tips. They were cut off 5-10 mm long and pretreated in 2 mM 8-hydroxyquinoline at ca 20ºC for 4 h and then fixed in 45% acetic acid at ca 2ºC for 10 min. They were macerated in a mixture of 45% acetic acid and 1N hydrochloric acid (1:1) at ca 60ºC for 20-23 sec and were then stained with 2% aceto-orcein at room temperature in moist chamber with 45% acetic acid for ca 30 min and were prepared by the conventional squash method. The slides were faintly heated under an alcohol frame for 1-2 sec before observation. Measurements of chromosome length were made in each average length in several good metaphase cells.Morphological type of the resting nuclei was classified for Tanaka (1971, 1977), and classifications of mit...

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A comparative study of chromosome characters in four species of Elsholtzia Will. (Lamiaceae) in Japan and China

Cited by 4 publications

References 6 publications

An updated tribal classification of Lamiaceae based on plastome phylogenomics

An updated tribal classification of Lamiaceae based on plastome phylogenomics

Molecular phylogenetics and biogeography of the mint tribe Elsholtzieae (Nepetoideae, Lamiaceae), with an emphasis on its diversification in East Asia

Comparative karyomorohplogical studies in four species and one variety of Mosla Buch.-Ham. ex Maxim. (Lamiaceae) in Japan

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