A comparative study of bovine blood and milk neutrophil functions with luminol‐dependent chemiluminescence

Mehrzad, Jalil; Dosogne, Hilde; Vangroenweghe, Frédéric; Burvenich, Christian

doi:10.1002/bio.666

Cited by 25 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(41 reference statements)

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“…The basal adhesion molecule levels of CD62L and CD18 at the surface of circulating PMN and the phagocytic activity of blood and milk PMN have been described to be similar during early lactation as compared to later stages of lactation [63,210]. Interestingly, ROS production and killing activity of blood and milk PMN were significantly decreased in early lactation [63,158,159,161]. Because PMN functions are markedly altered around parturition (Fig.…”

Section: Number and Function Of Circulating Pmnmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Bovine blood and milk PMN ROS production can be measured by chemiluminescence (CL; see [157][158][159]), which is associated with the bactericidal capacity of PMN [3,84,187,249]. Studies on CL kinetics in PMN revealed extra-and intracellular events during ROS production [25,49,69,73].…”

Section: Severity Of E Coli Mastitis In Dairy Cows 531mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, other pre-infection metabolic parameters in blood, such as b-hydroxybutyric acid, non-sterified fatty acids, glucose, Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ , cortisol, and cholesterol concentration, as well as in milk, such as SCC, albumin, fat, and casein production, have also been found to be associated with the severity of E. coliinduced mastitis [52,59,93,116,121,126,210,245,259]. Other studies have compared the functionality of PMN between early and later stages of lactation [158][159][160]. The basal adhesion molecule levels of CD62L and CD18 at the surface of circulating PMN and the phagocytic activity of blood and milk PMN have been described to be similar during early lactation as compared to later stages of lactation [63,210].…”

Section: Number and Function Of Circulating Pmnmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Severity of E. coli mastitis is mainly determined by cow factors

et al. 2003

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-Intramammary infections of dairy cows with Gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus (major cause of mastitis) have received a lot of attention because of their major economic impact on the dairy farm through production losses induced by an increase in somatic cell count. Management strategies, including greater awareness for efficient milking and hygienic measures, have limited the spread of Gram-positive bacteria and resulted in a significant decrease of proportion of S. aureus isolates and subclinical mastitis worldwide. Other organisms such as coliform subspecies and Streptococcus uberis, both environmental bacteria that cause clinical mastitis, have received less attention. Escherichia coli causes inflammation of the mammary gland in dairy cows around parturition and during early lactation with striking local and sometimes severe systemic clinical symptoms. This disease affects many high producing cows in dairy herds and may cause several cases of death per year in the most severe cases. It is well known that bacterial, cow and environmental factors are interdependent and influence mastitis susceptibility. Many studies, executed during the last decade, indicate that the severity of E. coli mastitis is mainly determined by cow factors rather than by E. coli pathogenicity. During E. coli mastitis, the host defense status is a cardinal factor determining the outcome of the disease. Today, we know that the neutrophil is a key factor in the cows' defense against intramammary infection with E. coli. Effective elimination of the pathogen by neutrophils is important for the resolution of infection and the outcome of E. coli mastitis. This review is a compilation of some major findings over the last 15 years concerning mainly host factors that modulate and influence neutrophil function and the mammary inflammatory reaction. The individual chapters address: virulence factors of E. coli strains, how neutrophils kill E. coli, connection between endotoxins, tumor necrosis factor-a and nitric oxide, severity classification of E. coli mastitis, lifespan of neutrophils, host factors that influence severity, tissue damage and production loss.

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Section: Number and Function Of Circulating Pmnmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Severity Of E Coli Mastitis In Dairy Cows 531mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Number and Function Of Circulating Pmnmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Severity of E. coli mastitis is mainly determined by cow factors

et al. 2003

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“…Stimulation of NADPH oxidase in the plasma membrane initiates hexose monophosphate activity. Bovine PMN release large amounts of superoxide (O 2 -) and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) when their plasma membrane is perturbed [46,100,109,183]. The O 2 -and H 2 O 2 formed on the cell surface and phagosomal membrane interact to form hydroxyl radical and singlet oxygen, key components of oxygen-dependent killing mechanisms of PMN.…”

Section: Bactericidal and Respiratory Burst Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The bovine neutrophil: Structure and function in blood and milk

Paape¹,

Bannerman²,

et al. 2003

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-Migration of polymorphonuclear neutrophil leukocytes (PMN) into the mammary gland provide the first line of defense against invading mastitis pathogens. Bacteria release potent toxins that activate white blood cells and epithelial cells in the mammary gland to secrete cytokines that recruit PMN that function as phagocytes at the site of infection. While freshly migrated PMN are active phagocytes, continued exposure of PMN to inhibitory factors in milk such as fat globules and casein, leads to altered PMN morphology and reduced phagocytosis. In the course of phagocytosing and destroying invading pathogens, PMN release chemicals that not only kill the pathogens but that also cause injury to the delicate lining of the mammary gland. This will result in permanent scarring and reduced numbers of milk secretory cells. The life span of PMN is limited by the onset of apoptosis. To minimize damage to mammary tissue, PMN undergo a specialized process of programmed cell death known as apoptosis. Macrophages quickly engulf and phagocytose apoptotic PMN, thereby minimizing the release of PMN granular contents that are damaging to tissue. The PMN possess an array of cell surface receptors that allow them to adhere and migrate through endothelium and to recognize and phagocytose bacteria. One receptor found on phagocytes that is receiving considerable attention in the control of infections by Gram-negative bacteria is CD14. Binding of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to membrane bound CD14 causes release of tumor necrosis factor-a and sepsis. Binding of LPS to soluble CD14 shed from CD14-bearing cells results in neutralization of LPS and rapid recruitment of PMN to the site of infection. Recent advances in the fields of genomics and proteomics should greatly enhance our understanding of the PMN role in controlling intramammary infections in ruminants. Further, manipulation of PMN, through either recombinant proteins such as soluble CD14 that enhance PMN response or agents that mediate PMN apoptosis, may serve as novel therapeutics for the treatment of mastitis.

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“…They also stimulate T cells. However, the role of T cells in the inflammatory response in E. coli mastitis is unclear (Mehrzad et al 2001(Mehrzad et al , 2008.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of supportive E. coli mastitis treatment on PMN chemiluminescence and subpopulations of T lymphocytes

Markiewicz

Krumrych

Gehrke³

2013

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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The aim of this field study was to assess the impact of a single i.m. injection of lysozyme dimer and flunixin meglumine in combination with intramammary and systemic antibiotic on chemiluminescence of PMN (polymorphonuclear leucocytes) and subpopulations of lymphocyte T in blood of cows with E. coli mastitis.Examinations were performed on 30 dairy cows affected with naturally occurring acute form of E. coli mastitis. Cows were randomly divided into three groups according to the method of treatment. The first group was treated with approved intramammary antibiotic product, the same antibiotic in i.m. injection and one injection of flunixin meglumine on the first day of therapy. Next group was treated with the same antibiotic and additionally one injection of lysozyme dimer on the first day of therapy. The third one was treated only with an antibiotic and served as a control group. Blood samples were taken before treatment and on days 3 and 7. In samples haematology indices were determined, spontaneous and opsonised zymosan stimulated CL and PMA measurements were performed and the subpopulations of T lymphocyte (CD2 + , CD4 + , CD8 + ) were assayed in whole blood.There was no effect of the applied supportive treatment on the value of morphological blood indices. A significant influence of the time of sample collection on the level of CL and dynamics of lymphocytes T subpopulation was demonstrated. A single injection of flunixin meglumine or lysozyme dimer on the day of the beginning of treatment of E. coli mastitis, does not affect the level of neutrophil chemiluminescence and the percentage of T lymphocytes in the blood of mastitic cows in the analysed period of time.

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A comparative study of bovine blood and milk neutrophil functions with luminol‐dependent chemiluminescence

Cited by 25 publications

References 30 publications

Severity of E. coli mastitis is mainly determined by cow factors

Severity of E. coli mastitis is mainly determined by cow factors

The bovine neutrophil: Structure and function in blood and milk

The effect of supportive E. coli mastitis treatment on PMN chemiluminescence and subpopulations of T lymphocytes

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