A comparative study by age and gender of the pituitary adenoma and ACTH and α-MSH secretion in dogs with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism

Gallelli, María Florencia; Blatter, M.F. Cabrera; Castillo, V.

doi:10.1016/j.rvsc.2009.06.011

Cited by 22 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Although some previous studies reported a female predisposition for hyperadrenocorticism, this finding has often not been confirmed in other studies (Gallelli et al, 2010, Reusch and Feldman, 1992, Kenefick and Neiger, 2008, Neiger et al, 2002. The results of the current study supported the study hypothesis that sex is not a risk factor for a diagnosis of hyperadrenocorticism in dogs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Epidemiology of hyperadrenocorticism among 210,824 dogs attending primary‐care veterinary practices in the UK from 2009 to 2014

O'Neill

Scudder

Faire

et al. 2016

J of Small Animal Practice

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Methods: Cases were identified by searching de-identified electronic patient records from UK primary-care veterinary practices participating in the VetCompass Programme.Results: The estimated prevalence for hyperadrenocorticism diagnosis in dogs was 0.28% (95% confidence interval 0.25-0.31). Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed four associated risk factors: breed, breed-relative bodyweight, age and insurance status. The Bichon Frise had 6.5 times the odds (95% CI 3.5-12.1, P < 0.001) of hyperadrenocorticism compared with crossbreds. Dogs weighing more than or equal to their breed mean had 1.7 times odds (95% CI 1.3-2.3, P < 0.001) of hyperadrenocorticism compared with dogs weighing less than the breed mean. Dogs aged 12.0 years and above showed 5.7 times the odds (95% CI 3.7-8.7, P < 0.001) of hyperadrenocorticism compared with dogs aged 6.0-8.9 years. Insured dogs had 4.0 times the odds (95% CI 2.8-5.6, P < 0.001) of hyperadrenocorticism compared with noninsured dogs.Clinical significance: This is the first epidemiological report of a non-referral hospital population of dogs diagnosed with hyperadrenocorticism in the UK and describes important breed, age and bodyweight associations with this disorder which may improve diagnosis and enhance understanding of the underlying pathophysiology.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Epidemiology of hyperadrenocorticism among 210,824 dogs attending primary‐care veterinary practices in the UK from 2009 to 2014

O'Neill

Scudder

Faire

et al. 2016

J of Small Animal Practice

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“…There are no reports about the possible impact of E 2 or P 4 on α-MSH synthesis. Considering the fact that E 2 may stimulate POMC synthesis (Ochedalski et al 2007) and taking into account the fact that ACTH and α-MSH are secreted equimolarly (Gallelli et al 2010), it is possible that the effect of E 2 may be the same for both hormones. The different profiles of ACTH and α-MSH observed after PE remain to be evaluated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All of the following methods were previously validated for dogs (Ravivarapu et al 2000;Gallelli et al 2010;Cabrera Blatter et al 2011;Ithurralde et al 2013).…”

Section: Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, it could open up a way to studying the relevance of these findings in HPA axis pathologies, as has been suggested in studies performed in humans, rats and dogs (Solomon and Herman 2009;Gallelli et al 2010;Goel et al 2014). In the present study it was hypothesised that the HPA axis hormone profiles (ACTH, α-MSH and cortisol) are affected by sex, photoperiod and the phases of the oestrous cycle.…”

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confidence: 91%

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Plasma ACTH, α-MSH and cortisol variations in the dog during the oestrous cycle in different photoperiods

Gallelli¹,

Monachesi²,

Miceli³

et al. 2015

Vet. Med. - Czech

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ABSTRACT:The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) is a complex system regulated by multiple factors. Sexual dimorphism of this axis has been described in different species under physiological conditions and it has been proposed that sexual hormones could have an effect on it. There are only a few reports about sex-linked variations in HPA axis hormones in the dog. Thus, studying the impact of sexual hormones on the HPA axis would broaden the knowledge about its function in this species. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine whether there are variations in HPA plasma hormones (ACTH, alfa-melanocyte-stimulating hormone [α-MSH] and cortisol) according to the sex and photoperiod (positive or negative photoperiod were considered when the duration of the light hours of the day was more than 12 or less than 12, respectively) under basal conditions (like anoestrus) and throughout the oestrous cycle in the female dog. The population under study consisted of 11 intact female and 14 intact male dogs. Under basal conditions neither ACTH nor α-MSH concentrations showed differences between sexes and different photoperiods. Cortisol showed greater values in the negative photoperiod than in the positive, both in females and males (P = 0.03 and P = 0.015, respectively). Throughout the oestrous cycle, all the studied hormones showed variations (P < 0.0001). The greatest concentrations of ACTH were observed at proestrus, while α-MSH and cortisol showed their greatest concentrations at oestrus. The three hormones decreased in diestrus. ACTH and cortisol concentrations were higher in the negative photoperiod (P = 0.04 and P < 0.0001, respectively), while α-MSH concentrations were higher in the positive photoperiod (P = 0.012). In the group of females oestradiol and progesterone correlated with ACTH (r = 0.75, P < 0.0001; r = 0.34, P < 0.01, respectively), α-MSH (r = 0.49, P < 0.0001; r = 0.52, P < 0.0001, respectively) and cortisol (r = 0.33, P < 0.01; r = 0.5, P < 0.0001, respectively). These results show that in females, HPA axis hormones vary during the oestrous cycle in relation to oestradiol and progesterone fluctuations. The ACTH, α-MSH and cortisol concentrations also showed differences between photoperiods in females, but only cortisol did so in males. These findings suggest that sexual hormones could have an effect on the HPA axis. Further research needs to be done to fully understand this interaction and the mechanisms involved.

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“…As in human corticotropic cells treated with octreotide, a study in healthy dogs and those with insulinoma proved that this drug does not affect cortisol and ACTH concentration in the blood [26]. Since dogs are animals that frequently suffer of Cushing’s syndrome, being of pituitary origin in 80% of the cases [27,28], they are considered a model for the study of different aspects of this disease [12]. Although quantitative differences in the expression of SSTR subtypes may exist in corticotropinomas of humans and dogs, it is conceivable that a multireceptor ligand like SOM230 might have a stronger effect in dogs with Cushing’s disease than currently available somatostatin analogs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of SOM230 (Pasireotide) on Corticotropic Cells: Action in Dogs with Cushing’s Disease

et al. 2011

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SOM230 (pasireotide) is a multiligand somatostatin (SRIF) analog able to bind to somatostatin receptor (SSTR) subtypes 1, 2, 3 and 5, and trigger antisecretory and antiproliferative signaling cascades. Canines have become in vivo models to test the pharmacological treatment of corticotropinomas because they frequently develop Cushing’s disease in a spontaneous manner, due to adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-producing pituitary adenomas. Different levels of expression of SSTR2 and SSTR5 have been shown in both mouse AtT20 cells and canine tumoral corticotropinoma cells. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether SOM230 controls both tumor cell growth and hormone synthesis, therefore controlling the disease. SOM230 was tested in dogs suffering from Cushing’s disease (10 animals were treated continuously during 6 months, and another 10 were treated with 3 cycles consisting of 2 months of treatment followed by a 2-month rest period). A significant decrease in ACTH, urinary cortisol creatinine ratio, adenoma size (magnetic nuclear resonance) and improvement of clinical signs were obtained, without side effects. AtT20 cells treated with SOM230 suppressed pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) promoter activity through SSTR2, via the G_i α-subunit, and reduced Nur77/Nurr1 transcriptional activity. We conclude that SOM230, in addition to its well-described antisecretory effects, inhibits, as shown in AtT20 cells, ACTH synthesis at the POMC transcriptional level, an effect mediated mainly through SSTR2, and limits tumor growth. The controlled Cushing’s disease in the dogs that received the treatment indicates that SOM230 has a potential therapeutic use in humans suffering from Cushing’s disease.

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A comparative study by age and gender of the pituitary adenoma and ACTH and α-MSH secretion in dogs with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism

Cited by 22 publications

References 52 publications

Epidemiology of hyperadrenocorticism among 210,824 dogs attending primary‐care veterinary practices in the UK from 2009 to 2014

Epidemiology of hyperadrenocorticism among 210,824 dogs attending primary‐care veterinary practices in the UK from 2009 to 2014

Plasma ACTH, α-MSH and cortisol variations in the dog during the oestrous cycle in different photoperiods

Effect of SOM230 (Pasireotide) on Corticotropic Cells: Action in Dogs with Cushing’s Disease

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