A Comparative Review of Vitamin E and Associated Equine Disorders

Finno, Carrie J.; Valberg, Stephanie J.

doi:10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00994.x

Cited by 70 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 145 publications

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“…Vitamin E as one of the most abundant lipid-soluble antioxidants exists in two forms, as tocopherols and tocotrienols. α-tocopherol is the most potent antioxidant and plays an important role in peroxyl radical scavenging [8]. Vitamin E terminates the chain reaction of lipid peroxidation in membranes and lipoproteins.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Vitamin E Supplementation on Intestinal Barrier Function in Rats Exposed to High Altitude Hypoxia Environment

Sun

Qiao

et al. 2014

Korean J Physiol Pharmacol

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The study was conducted to investigate the role of vitamin E in the high altitude hypoxia-induced damage to the intestinal barrier in rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control (Control), high altitude hypoxia (HH), and high altitude hypoxia+vitamin E (250 mg/kg BW*d) (HV) groups. After the third day, the HH and HV groups were placed in a hypobaric chamber at a stimulated elevation of 7000 m for 5 days. The rats in the HV group were given vitamin E by gavage daily for 8 days. The other rats were given equal volume saline. The results showed that high altitude hypoxia caused the enlargement of heart, liver, lung and kidney, and intestinal villi damage. Supplementation with vitamin E significantly alleviated hypoxia-caused damage to the main organs including intestine, increased the serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) (p< 0.05), diamino oxidase (DAO) (p< 0.01) levels, and decreased the serum levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2) (p< 0.01), interleukin-4 (IL-4) (p<0.001), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) (p<0.01) and malondialdehyde (MDA) (p<0.001), and decreased the serum erythropoietin (EPO) activity (p<0.05). Administration of vitamin E significantly increased the S-IgA (p<0.001) in ileum and significantly improved the expression levels of occludin and IκBα, and decreased the expression levels of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha and 2 alpha (HIF-1α and HIF-2α), Toll-like receptors (TLR4), P-IκBα and nuclear factor-κB p65(NF-κB P65) in ileum compared to the HH group. This study suggested that vitamin E protectis from intestinal injury caused by high altitude hypoxia environment. These effects may be related to the HIF and TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides, it protects critical cellular structures against damage from oxygen free radicals and reactive products of lipid peroxidation [6,7]. In many species, T- and B-cell functions are impaired by vitamin E deficiency [8]. Vitamin E is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and enters the circulation via the lymph.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Vitamin E Supplementation on Intestinal Barrier Function in Rats Exposed to High Altitude Hypoxia Environment

Sun

Qiao

et al. 2014

Korean J Physiol Pharmacol

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“…No início do século XX, a vitamina E foi descoberta e logo foi designada como sendo essencial para a função reprodutiva normal em ratos 55 . E mesmo que até os dias de hoje não haja evidências reais que esta vitamina melhore a função reprodutiva dos cavalos, sua grande capacidade antioxidante é reconhecida (56,49) , protegento inclusive outras vitaminas lipossolúveis 49 . A deficiência da vitamina E 47 leva a uma depleção dos linfócitos B e T, e pesquisa realizada mostrou que animais suplementados tendem a apresentar uma melhora significativa nas funções dos neutrófilos 45 .…”

Section: Perfil Hematológicounclassified

Influência da administração do promater® sobre a produção de embriões e perfil hematológico de doadoras de embriões equinos

et al. 2016

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ResumoNutrição inadequada e a idade das doadoras de embriões são fatores que levam ao declínio na eficiência reprodutiva dos animais, sendo um dos fatores responsáveis em interferir de forma negativa dentro de um programa de transferência de embriões. O Promater® é um suplemento reprodutivo composto por vitaminas, minerais, aminoácidos, B-caroteno, L-carnitina e omegas 3, 6 e 9. Este produto é indicado para equinos em fase de reprodução com o intuito de obter melhores resultados no desempenho reprodutivo. O objetivo do estudo é comparar o número de embriões coletados e confirmados antes e depois do uso do suplemento em éguas doadoras para investigar se há influencia ou não do produto na eficiência reprodutiva de éguas doadoras utilizadas em um programa de transferência de embriões equino. Além disso, avaliou-se o perfil hematológico das doadoras antes e depois da inserção do suplemento na alimentação desses animais para saber se havia alguma influência do Promater®.Foram utilizadas 5 éguas doadoras da raça Mangalarga Marchador com idade média de 20 anos. As éguas foram suplementadas diariamente com 25 g do produto por um período de 84 dias. Os índices de recuperação embrionária foram de 50% (10/20) e 52,6% (10/19), antes e após o tratamento com Promater®, respectivamente. As taxas de embriões confirmados foram de 80% (8/10) e 100% (10/10), antes e após o uso do suplemento. No entanto, não houve diferença significativa entre as taxas de recuperação e confirmação embrionária antes e após o uso do nutraceutico. Os resultados deste experimento demonstraram ser possível ter bons resultados com doadoras com mais de 20 anos e que para isso são necessários cuidados como um ótimo manejo nutricional e sanitário, além de um controle folicular eficiente. Um novo estudo, com um maior número de doadoras, se faz necessário para evidenciar esta melhora da eficiência reprodutiva. Palavras Influence of promater® administration to the embryo production and profile haematological of donors equine embryoInfluência da administração do promater® sobre a produção de embriões e perfil hematológico de doadoras de embriões equinos AbstractInadequate nutrition and the age of the embryo donors are factors to the decline in reproductive efficiency of animals. Promater® is a reproductive supplement comprising vitamins, minerals, amino acids, B-carotene, L-carnitine and omegas 3, 6 and 9. This product is indicating for horses on reproduction to obtain better results in reproductive performance. The objective of the study is to compare the number of embryos collected and confirmed before and after the use of the supplement in donor mares to investigate if there is influence or not the product in the reproductive efficiency of donor mares used in an equine embryo transfer program. In addition, it evaluated the blood profile of the donor before and after the supplement insertion in the feeding of those animals to see if there was any influence of Promater®. In this study were used five donor mares of Mangalarga Marchador breed with an average ag...

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“…White muscle disease (WMD) is a peracute to subacute nutritional myopathy affecting both skeletal and cardiac muscles and is caused primarily by Se deficiency and to a lesser extend Vit E deficiency [1, 2]. It is reported in various animal species, including the horse, in which mainly foals are affected up to weanling age, though adult cases have been described occasionally as well, with 82% of confirmed cases aged below four years [3–12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…through Se-enriched yeasts) and inorganic (selenite: SeO 3 2− ) supplements,elevates plasma or serum and muscle Se status [22, 23]. Adequate Vitamin E uptake by the mare and subsequent redistribution to the colostrum requires appropriate intestinal absorption and liver function [2, 27]. Hepatic function can be chronically reduced as a result of progressive liver cirrhosis, a common consequence of ragwort poisoning in the horse [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

White muscle disease in foals: focus on selenium soil content. A case series

Delesalle

Bruijn²,

Wilmink

et al. 2017

BMC Vet Res

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BackgroundWhite muscle disease (WMD) is a nutritional myopathy caused by selenium (Se) deficiency. In most soils, Se is present in low concentrations, sometimes even below 0.2 mg/kg, a trend which is seen in many countries. Apart from total soil Se concentrations, soil conditions may be such that the bio-availability of Se is so low that it causes very low uptake in plants which can ultimately lead to deficiency problems in animals. This is the first case series to report clinical WMD in foals in areas deficient in Se, in the Netherlands.The aim of the current report is to provide an overview of the clinical history, symptoms and (clinical) pathology of 8 newborn foals living at 4 different premises and suffering from WMD together with the effectiveness of Se and vitamin E (Vit E) supplementation in the affected foals, their dams and herd members. Hands on practical information is provided to apply a correct and effective Se supplementation management in horses and which pitfalls need to be avoided for a successful approach.Case presentationCase features and history were mapped out for all foals. Se and Vit E status were assessed for the foals, their dams and herd members, at admission and after 3 months of Vit E/Se supplementation.Common symptoms were muscle weakness, inability to rise, lethargy and inadequate suckle reflex together with increased serum muscle enzymes and low glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and low to normal serum vit E levels. Necropsy revealed necrosis of skeletal muscles consistent with nutritional myopathy. Se status of the dams and herd members correlated well with the Se status of the foals. All surviving foals (n = 6) showed normal Vit E and GSH-Px levels after supplementation, likewise, all horses tested at premises 1, 3 and 4. However, dams and herd members in premises 2 showed no normalization. Horses of that premises were diagnosed with pyrrolizidine intoxication one year prior to the study.ConclusionsCertain regions in the Netherlands are sufficiently Se deficient to predispose newborn foals to develop WMD, especially when they are being fed a diet that mainly consists of locally harvested roughage.

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A Comparative Review of Vitamin E and Associated Equine Disorders

Cited by 70 publications

References 145 publications

Effect of Vitamin E Supplementation on Intestinal Barrier Function in Rats Exposed to High Altitude Hypoxia Environment

Effect of Vitamin E Supplementation on Intestinal Barrier Function in Rats Exposed to High Altitude Hypoxia Environment

Influência da administração do promater® sobre a produção de embriões e perfil hematológico de doadoras de embriões equinos

White muscle disease in foals: focus on selenium soil content. A case series

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