A comparative review of extracorporeal shock wave generation

Wilbert, D. M.

doi:10.1046/j.1464-410x.2002.02961.x

Cited by 19 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…Shock waves (Figure 1a) are presented by a single, positive pressure pulse followed by an exponential descent and a comparatively small tensile amplitude below surrounding’s pressure (Gerdersmeyer et al 2002; Wilbert 2002; Wess 2006). Due to the high compressibility of gases, small pressure variations induce large changes in the density and temperature of the medium.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of extracorporeal shock waves on the human skin with cellulite: A case study of an unique instance

Kühn¹

2008

CIA

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In this case study of an unique instance, effects of medium-energy, high-focused extracorporeal generated shock waves (ESW) onto the skin and the underlying fat tissue of a cellulite affl icted, 50-year-old woman were investigated. The treatment consisted of four ESW applications within 21 days. Diagnostic high-resolution ultrasound (Collagenoson) was performed before and after treatment. Directly after the last ESW application, skin samples were taken for histopathological analysis from the treated and from the contra-lateral untreated area of skin with cellulite. No damage to the treated skin tissue, in particular no mechanical destruction to the subcutaneous fat, could be demonstrated by histopathological analysis. However an astounding induction of neocollageno-and neoelastino-genesis within the scaffolding fabric of the dermis and subcutis was observed. The dermis increased in thickness as well as the scaffolding within the subcutaneous fat-tissue. Optimization of critical application parameters may turn ESW into a noninvasive cellulite therapy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of extracorporeal shock waves on the human skin with cellulite: A case study of an unique instance

Kühn¹

2008

CIA

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“…This negative phase can experience negative pressures up to 15 MPa, where the duration is long compared to the positive phase (around 2000 ns). 49,50 In our simulation, the duration of the negative phase is shorter because of limitations in the simulation box size, which leads to a reflective wave earlier than the shock wave duration. The shock wave characteristics obtained in our simulations are different from blast shock waves, which are described by a lower (O(kPa)) value of the peak pressure, where positive overpressures P higher than 400 kPa are considered potentially lethal.…”

Section: A Pressure Profile and Liposome Structure And Movement Durimentioning

confidence: 92%

Damage in spherical cellular membrane generated by the shock waves: Coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulation of lipid vesicle

Sliozberg

Chantawansri

2014

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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Traumatic Brain Injury is a major health issue that is hard to diagnose since it often occurs without signs of external injuries. While it is well known that exposure of biological cells to shock waves causes damage to the cell membrane, it is currently unknown by which mechanisms damage is caused, and how it depends on physical parameters such as shock wave velocity, shock pulse duration, or shock pulse shape. In this computational study, we use a coarse-grained model of the lipid vesicle as a generic model of a cell membrane to elucidate the general principles of the cellular damage induced by the shock wave direct passage through the cranium. Results indicate that the extent of the liposome compression does not strongly depend on the pressure pulse and that liposome extension is very sensitive to the change in the negative pressure phase. The structural integrity of the vesicle is altered as pores form in the lipid membrane at overall pressure impulses generated by supersonic shock waves, which are greater than 5 Pa·s at single or repetitive exposure. Consequently, these permeability changes may lead to changes in the influx of sodium, potassium, and calcium ions.

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“…The resultant spark heats and vaporizes the surrounding water, which, in turn, generates a gas bubble filled with water vapour that expands and produces a shock wave. The wave is reflected by the metallic surface of the semi-ellipsoid and is focused into the therapeutic zone [7,9,11].…”

Section: Electrohydraulic Devicementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Electrohydraulic shock wave devices usually are characterized by relatively large axial diameters of the focal volume and high total energy within that volume. The spark gap wears out after about 50,000 shots (impulses) and needs to be replaced [7,11].…”

Section: Electrohydraulic Devicementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Acoustic Therapy as Mechanical Stimulation of Osteogenesis

Gusmão¹,

Alves²,

Belangero³

2016

Advanced Techniques in Bone Regeneration

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Abstract"coustic therapy is a branch of mechanotherapy. This modality of treatment can be used for osteogenesis-related orthopaedic disorders. "ecause bone cells are responsive to acoustic forces, specially designed devices were developed to generate acoustic forces in the form of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound, extracorporeal shock waves or radial pressure waves. With the developed devices, it became possible to provide patients an alternative, or adjunctive, treatment for pathologies involving bone homeostasis, that is, the balance of bone formation and bone resorption. The socalled acoustic therapy low-intensity pulsed ultrasound stimulation, LIPUS extracorporeal shock wave therapy, ESWT and radial pressure wave therapy, RPWT acts through physical phenomena produced when acoustic waves are transmitted into living tissue and converted to biological reactions, thereby activating signalling pathways that drive a cellular response in favour of osteogenesis. In this chapter, an extensive review of the literature was performed to provide the reader the state of the art about the physical phenomena, molecular events and clinical uses of acoustic forces for osteogenesis-related orthopaedics disorders.

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A comparative review of extracorporeal shock wave generation

Cited by 19 publications

References 16 publications

Impact of extracorporeal shock waves on the human skin with cellulite: A case study of an unique instance

Impact of extracorporeal shock waves on the human skin with cellulite: A case study of an unique instance

Damage in spherical cellular membrane generated by the shock waves: Coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulation of lipid vesicle

Acoustic Therapy as Mechanical Stimulation of Osteogenesis

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