A comparative life cycle assessment of different pyrolysis-pretreatment pathways of wood biomass for levoglucosan production

Life Cycle Assessment of Microbial 2,3-Butanediol Production from Brewer’s Spent Grain Modeled on Pinch Technology

“…It is one of the most frequently adopted LCIA methods, with footprint evaluation of both mid-point and end-point impacts. 22 Some of the significant mid-point impact categories are global warming (GW), terrestrial acidification (TA), freshwater eutrophication (FE), marine eutrophication (ME), carcinogenic human toxicity (HTc), non-carcinogenic human toxicity (HTnc), terrestrial ecotoxicity (TET), freshwater ecotoxicity (FET), and marine ecotoxicity (MET). The sludge-based fertilizers and electricity are co-generated during the BDO production from BSG.…”

Environmental Footprints of the Catalytic Pyrolysis of Pine Needles through Integration of a Nickel-Decorated Chemically Modified Biochar Catalyst

“…The chemical composition of NCGs exemplifies substantial carbon content, the proper utilization of which is necessary for reducing the carbon footprints of the overall process. Most of the published literature suggests the combustion of NCGs to produce heat that can be either recycled back in the process for reducing the process dependence on external fossil energy sources, or credits can also be earned from the replacement of the natural gas grid generated heat, thereby reducing the process environmental impacts. ,− Furthermore, the energy produced from NCGs combustion can also be employed for running the turbine of the gas-fired powerplants to produce electricity, which can benefit the system by substituting the electricity grid mix . Besides this, conversion to biomethane through steam reforming of NCGs and production of liquid hydrocarbon fuels through Fischer–Tropsch’s synthesis include other utilization pathways that are least explored for the NCGs produced from the pyrolysis process.…”

Bioethanol production from cocoa hydrolysate and the assessment of its environmental sustainability

“…This trade-off requires further analysis and discussion for the development of the biofuel market. Analytical methods like environmental sustainability assessment related to bioethanol production have been carried out for some agricultural residues as feedstocks in different countries and under different conditions [ 1 , 3 , [9] , [10] , [11] ]. This methodology is also recognized as a standardized tool whose main objective to analyze and quantifyof the environmental impacts associated with a product by quantifying emissions and discharges that could affect the environment [ 11 ].…”

“…Analytical methods like environmental sustainability assessment related to bioethanol production have been carried out for some agricultural residues as feedstocks in different countries and under different conditions [ 1 , 3 , [9] , [10] , [11] ]. This methodology is also recognized as a standardized tool whose main objective to analyze and quantifyof the environmental impacts associated with a product by quantifying emissions and discharges that could affect the environment [ 11 ]. Previous studies were carried out with the aim of evaluating the environmental burdens of bioethanol production from different biomasses [ [11] , [12] , [13] , [14] ].…”

“…This methodology is also recognized as a standardized tool whose main objective to analyze and quantifyof the environmental impacts associated with a product by quantifying emissions and discharges that could affect the environment [ 11 ]. Previous studies were carried out with the aim of evaluating the environmental burdens of bioethanol production from different biomasses [ [11] , [12] , [13] , [14] ]. However, the analysis of emissions resulting from the production of bioethanol still remains a subject of debate and concern since the limits of the system vary according to researchers, thus causing variability in the results [ 15 ].…”