A Comparative Investigation on Efficacy of Two Methodologies of Solid Phase Extraction for Separation and Pre‐Concentration of Trace Copper in Aqueous Samples Prior to Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometric Determination

Abstract

This report describes the capability of two facile, sensitive and concentrative methods for quantification of sub‐ppm levels of copper in different solutions using octadecyl silica bonded phase membrane (OSPM) disks. The first standpoint is based on introduction a homogenized miscellaneous solution of copper‐1‐(2‐pyridylazo)‐2‐naphtol (PAN) to the surface of an OSPM disk. The second perspective is the usual manner and is performed by impregnation or modification of the sorbent surface. All the affecting experimental variables such as pH, amount of modifier, eluent type, concentration of each metal and ligand, surfactant type, sample and eluent flow‐rate, time and disk capacity are also tested. The results reveal that the first way is considerably more time consuming. However, the second method possesses high break‐through volume (2000 mL) and lower detection limit (0.01 ng mL−1). Both the methods have been successfully applied for isolation and determination of trace copper in different aqueous and real samples.

Solid phase extraction of Cd(II), Pb(II), Zn(II) and Ni(II) from food samples using multiwalled carbon nanotubes impregnated with 4-(2-thiazolylazo)resorcinol

“…Solid phase extraction (SPE) is a cost-effective and important preconcentration-separation technique for separationenrichment of trace metal ions that offers important advantages, including simplicity, rapid analysis, and simple adaptation to automation [16][17][18][19][20]. Solid phase extraction also performs well in the preconcentration of trace metals with respect to minimizing solvent waste generation and the adsorption of analytes on the adsorbent in a more stable chemical form [21][22][23][24]. Adsorbents are preferred for the SPE of metal ions from environmental samples and these should have the following properties: the possibility for extracting a variety of metal ions over a wide pH range, high surface area, fast and quantitative adsorption and easy elution, ultra purity, repeated usability and accessibility [25][26][27][28][29].…”

Solid Phase Extraction of Ultra Trace Copper Using Octadecyl Silica Bonded Phase Membrane Disks Modified by a New Symmetric Schiff Base Ionophore Prior to FAAS Determination

“…Similarly to well documented reports [30][31][32][33][34][35][36], this approach encompasses modification of disk surface (MDS) by EFMA as an excellent modifier. Based on the MDS procedure, the disk conditioning was done by introducing 10 mL of HPLC grade methanol onto the disk.…”

“…The C 18 disks possess numerous advantages which are predominately i) shorter sample processing time, ii) decreased plugging, iii) more density, iv) uniformity of packing, v) reduced channeling, vi) easiness of automation and vii) possibility of on-line coupling to other analytical techniques [11,29]. In recent years, modified OSPM disks have been successfully used for the pre-concentration and separation of the trace amounts of lead [30,31], copper [32][33][34][35][36], Cr [37,38], Ag [39] and different organic compounds from environmental matrices [40]. To the best of our knowledge, no attempts have been made for selective enrichment of very low levels of copper in different complex matrices using OSPM disks impregnated with N,N -ethylene-bis-(3-formyl-5-methyl salicyl aldymine) (EFMA) donating Schiff base ( Fig.…”

Determination of Pb and Ni in Natural Water Samples after Solid Phase Extraction with Layered Double Hydroxide (LDH) Nano-Particles

“…Solid phase extraction (SPE) is a cost-effective and important preconcentration-separation technique for separation enrichment of trace metal ions that offers important advantages, including simplicity, rapid analysis, and simple adaptation to automation [23][24][25][26][27]. Solid phase extraction also performs well in the preconcentration of trace metals with respect to minimizing solvent waste generation and the adsorption of analytes on the adsorbent in a more stable chemical form [28][29][30][31]. Adsorbents are preferred for the SPE of metal ions from environmental samples and these should have the following properties: the possibility for extracting a variety of metal ions over a wide pH range, high surface area, fast and quantitative adsorption and easy elution, ultra purity, repeated usability and accessibility [32][33][34][35][36].…”