A comparative evaluation of properties of zirconia reinforced high impact acrylic resin with that of high impact acrylic resin

Abstract

Statement of the problem: Poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) acrylic resin, although being the most popular denture base material, is associated with poor mechanical properties. It has been documented that acrylic resin can be strengthened with an addition of structural component (filler) added in the acrylic matrix, to form a composite structure. Objective: To evaluate and compare the transverse strength, impact strength, surface hardness and water sorption of 10% and 20% zirconia (ZrO 2 ) reinforced high impact acrylic resin with that of high impact acrylic resin (Trevalon HI, Dentsply India). Materials and methods: There were 30 specimens in each of the four tests, amounting to a total of 120 specimens. Each of the tests had 10 specimens fabricated from high impact acrylic resin (control); 10 specimens fabricated from 10% zirconia (ZrO 2 ) and 10 specimens fabricated from 20% zirconia (ZrO 2 ) reinforced high impact acrylic resin. Specimens were subjected to the test of transverse strength in Universal Testing Machine, impact strength in Izod pendulum impact testing machine and surface hardness by Vickers Microhardness tester according to ISO Specification No. 1567. Water sorption was assessed according to ADA Specification No. 12. Data were analyzed by means This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). of a one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni multiple comparison test. Results: A significant increase in the transverse strength was observed in the reinforced specimens when compared to the control group. Impact strength and surface hardness were found having lesser values compared to the control group. Water sorption was found to increase on the addition of 10% and 20% zirconia (ZrO 2 ) but the value lied below 0.8 mg/cm 2 i.e. within the limit of ADA Specification No. 12. Conclusion: Reinforcement of acrylic resin with zirconia powder affects its physical and mechanical properties significantly. ª 2015 The Authors. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of King Saud University. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

Translucency Evaluation of Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA) Reinforced with ZrO₂-Al₂O₃-SiO₂ Filler System in Fabricating Indirect Restoration

“…Therefore, to overcome this poor upbringing of PMMA, they are being reinforced with the ZrO₂-Al₂O₃-SiO₂ filler system to improve their properties aesthetically. 6,15,16 It is anticipated that the clear shade from the acrylic resin reinforced with the filler system in different concentration added by silica would increase the translucency of the sample. Figure 3 shows that the different concentration of the filler system exhibits an erratic influence of translucency.…”

“…According to Asopa in 2015, the increase in filler fraction does not necessarily lead to an increase of the property because excessive filler fraction creates more defects; hence the material weakens. 16 The coupling agent used was Chitosan, added to the filler system at a constant concentration of 1% as an active cluster that bonds the filler and PMMA within the matrix. Among the filler systems that were reinforced, silica has the nature of being ionic and readily absorbs water that forms a well-bonded surface layer that is very impossible to avoid.…”

“…This results in a slight expansion that causes a built-up of microspores within the samples due to the entanglement of the polymer chains which then, contributed to the descending trend of translucency due to the increasing opacity presented by the micropores. 16,20,22 Overall, the diffuse reflectance spectra readings display the amount of UV beam reflected by the UV-VIS Spectrophotometer. The higher reading exhibits a higher reflectance of UV beam which in turn presents an increase of the average total of translucence whereas the lower readings exhibits a lower reflectance, causing a decrease in the average total of translucence.…”

The effects of adding various ratios of zirconium oxide nanoparticles to poly(methyl methacrylate) on physical and mechanical properties

“…Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) acrylic resin is often preferred as a denture base material due to its low cost, good adaptation, ease of application, and usage in tooth-or implant-supported removable/complete prostheses and orthodontic appliances (1)(2)(3)(4). Clinically, improving the mechanical and physical properties of PMMA may be useful in points where masticatory forces are relatively high, such as distal extensions opposing natural teeth, single complete dentures, overdentures, and implant-supported complete dentures (3).…”

“…Clinically, improving the mechanical and physical properties of PMMA may be useful in points where masticatory forces are relatively high, such as distal extensions opposing natural teeth, single complete dentures, overdentures, and implant-supported complete dentures (3). This requirement is very important, especially in elderly patients, to eliminate situations such as denture fracture.…”