A comparative evaluation of dietary exposure to glyphosate resulting from recommended U.S. diets

Louie, Fian; Jacobs, Neva; Yang, Lisa G. L.; Park, Catherine; Monnot, Andrew D.; Bandara, Suren B.

doi:10.1016/j.fct.2021.112670

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 16 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It was also observed during a controlled trial that a Mediterranean diet combined with full organic food intake reduced total pesticides exposure by > 90 %, while increasing conventional fruit and vegetable consumption led to higher levels of pesticide exposure (61) . In a recent study carried out in the USA, consumption of certain foods, such as legumes and grains, was the primary contributor to total dietary glyphosate body burden rather than diet style (Mediterranean-style and Vegetarian eating pattern) (62) . Pesticide exposure through diet in the general population has been associated with adverse health outcomes (7,8) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainability analysis of the Mediterranean diet: results from the French NutriNet-Santé study

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Mediterranean diet is often proposed as a sustainable diet model. This study aimed to evaluate the associations between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and sustainability domains in a cohort of French adults, using multiple criteria including nutritional quality, environmental pressures, monetary cost, and dietary pesticide exposure. Food intakes of 29,210 NutriNet-Santé volunteers were assessed in 2014 using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was evaluated using the validated literature-based adherence score (MEDI-LITE). The associations between the MEDI-LITE and various sustainability indicators were examined using analysis of covariance models, adjusted for sex, age and energy intake. Higher adherence to the MEDI-LITE was associated with higher nutritional quality scores, better overall nutrient profile as well as reduced environmental impact (land occupation: Q5 vs. Q1: -35%, greenhouse gas emissions: -15%, and cumulative energy demand: -17%). In turn, monetary cost increased with increasing adherence to the Mediterranean diet (Q5 vs. Q1: +15%) while higher adherents to the Mediterranean diet had overall higher pesticide exposure due to their high plant-based food consumption. In this large cohort of French adults, greater adherence to the Mediterranean diet was associated with nutritional and environmental benefits, but also with higher monetary cost and greater exposure to pesticides, illustrating the necessity to develop large-scale strategies for healthy, safe (pesticide- and contaminant-free), and environmentally sustainable diets for all.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainability analysis of the Mediterranean diet: results from the French NutriNet-Santé study

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We analyzed participants’ grocery orders and food logs and found participants ordered relatively similar levels of grain and legume products, which have been found to have high levels of glyphosate residues, 1 , 38 , 39 during the conventional and organic weeks. Specifically, 54% of participants ordered a greater proportion of legumes and grain products during the conventional week, and the remaining 46% ordered a greater or similar proportion of grains and legumes during the organic week.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, although fruit and vegetable consumption has consistently been associated with urinary insecticide concentrations, 20 , 23 , 24 , 37 glyphosate has been detected more commonly in grain and legume products, including processed foods. 1 , 38 , 39 Furthermore, only one study has examined the effect of an organic diet intervention on urinary pesticide concentrations among participants living in both urban and rural/agricultural areas. 20 Although diet is one of the primary sources of exposure to most pesticides in nonagricultural populations, 31 , 40 – 42 nonoccupationally exposed individuals living in agricultural regions are exposed to pesticides via multiple sources and pathways in addition to diet, including the direct contamination of soil 43 or drinking water, 44 and from inhalation and dermal absorption following pesticide spray drift.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary Glyphosate Concentrations among Pregnant Participants in a Randomized, Crossover Trial of Organic and Conventional Diets

Hyland

Spivak

Sheppard

et al. 2023

Environ Health Perspect

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Consumption of an organic diet reduces exposure to a range of agricultural pesticides. Only three studies have examined the effect of an organic diet intervention on exposure to the herbicide glyphosate, the most heavily used agricultural chemical in the world. Despite its widespread use, the primary sources of glyphosate exposure in humans are poorly understood. Objective: Our objective was to examine the effect of an organic diet intervention on urinary glyphosate concentrations among pregnant individuals. Methods: We conducted a 2-wk randomized crossover trial in which 39 pregnant participants living near ( ) and far ( ) from agricultural fields received a 1-wk supply of conventional groceries and 1 wk of organic groceries, randomized to order. We collected daily first morning void urine samples and analyzed composite samples from each week for glyphosate. We examined differences in urinary glyphosate concentrations between the conventional week and the organic week among all participants and stratified by residential proximity to an agricultural field. Results: Median specific gravity–adjusted glyphosate concentrations were and during the conventional and organic weeks, respectively. We observed modest decreases in urinary glyphosate concentrations from the conventional to organic week among far-field participants, but no difference among near-field participants. In secondary analyses excluding participants who did not meet a priori criteria of compliance with the intervention, we observed significant decreases in urinary glyphosate concentrations, particularly among far-field participants ( , depending on exclusion criteria). Discussion: This trial is the first to examine the effect of an organic diet intervention on glyphosate among people living near and far from agricultural fields. Our results suggest that diet is an important contributor to glyphosate exposure in people living from agricultural fields; for people living near crops, agriculture may be a dominant exposure source during the pesticide spray season. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP12155

show abstract

“…In human serum, after accidental exposure GLY was found to be present at 89 µg/mL (~0.52 mM) [ 1 ]. Considering food exposure for a person with a healthy US-style diet, the worst-case scenario of GLY exposure was reported to range between 2954 µg/day (i.e., 17.47 µmol/day) and 3142 µg/day (18.59 µmol/day) [ 32 ]. In a recent study concerning glyphosate occurrence in food products, cereals were the foods with higher content [ 33 ], with a sample of wheat seeds (from Italy) having the higher content (230 mg/kg, i.e., 1.36 mmol) [ 33 , 34 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Assessment of Pesticides Toxicity and Data Correlation with Pesticides Physicochemical Properties for Prediction of Toxicity in Gastrointestinal and Skin Contact Exposure

Silva

Martins-Gomes

Silva

et al. 2022

Toxics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this work, three pesticides of different physicochemical properties, namely, glyphosate (herbicide), imidacloprid (insecticide) and imazalil (fungicide), were selected to assess their cytotoxicity against distinct cell models (Caco-2, HepG2, A431, HaCaT, SK-MEL-5 and RAW 264.7 cells) to mimic gastrointestinal and skin exposure with potential systemic effect. Cells were subjected to different concentrations of selected pesticides for 24 h or 48 h. Cell viability was assessed by Alamar Blue assay, morphological changes by bright-field microscopy and the IC50 values were calculated. Cytotoxic profiles were analysed using the physico-chemical parameters of the pesticides, namely: molecular weight, water solubility, the partition coefficient in the n-octanol/water (Log Pow) system, the topological polar surface area (TPSA), and number of hydrogen-bonds (donor/acceptor) and rotatable bonds. Results showed that glyphosate did not reduce cell viability (up to 1 mM), imidacloprid induced moderate toxicity (IC50 > 1 mM for Caco-2 cells while IC50 = 305.9 ± 22.4 μM for RAW 264.7 cells) and imazalil was highly cytotoxic (IC50 > 253.5 ± 3.37 for Caco-2 cells while IC50 = 31.3 ± 2.7 μM for RAW 264.7 cells) after 24 h exposure. Toxicity was time-dependent as IC50 values at 48 h exposure were lower, and decrease in cell viability was accompanied by changes in cell morphology. Pesticides toxicity was found to be directly proportional with their Log Pow, indicating that the affinity to a lipophilic environment such as the cell membranes governs their toxicity. Toxicity is inverse to pesticides TPSA, but lower TPSA favours membrane permeation. The lower toxicity against Caco-2 cells was attributed to the physiology and metabolism of cell barriers equipped with various ABC transporters. In conclusion, physicochemical factors such as Log Pow, TPSA and H-bond are likely to be directly correlated with pesticide-induced toxicity, thus being key factors to potentially predict the toxicity of other compounds.

show abstract

A comparative evaluation of dietary exposure to glyphosate resulting from recommended U.S. diets

Cited by 11 publications

References 16 publications

Sustainability analysis of the Mediterranean diet: results from the French NutriNet-Santé study

Sustainability analysis of the Mediterranean diet: results from the French NutriNet-Santé study

Urinary Glyphosate Concentrations among Pregnant Participants in a Randomized, Crossover Trial of Organic and Conventional Diets

In Vitro Assessment of Pesticides Toxicity and Data Correlation with Pesticides Physicochemical Properties for Prediction of Toxicity in Gastrointestinal and Skin Contact Exposure

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About