A comparative electrographic analysis of the effect of sec-butyl-propylacetamide on pharmacoresistant status epilepticus

Long-term Continuous EEG Monitoring in Small Rodent Models of Human Disease Using the Epoch Wireless Transmitter System

“…The following method of analysis allows for a quantitative measure of the severity of acute status epilepticus, a phenomenon previously analyzed primarily with behavioral measures. We include this analysis technique as an example, because it utilizes power computation in classic EEG bands and has been extensively used in preclinical studies for testing the efficacy of anticonvulsant medications in our laboratory [24][25][26] . Possibly the most valuable aspect of making continuous, uninterrupted wireless recordings with the wireless telemetry is the ability to record abnormal spontaneous events that occur with low incidence.…”

Pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic analysis of CNS-active constitutional isomers of valnoctamide and sec-butylpropylacetamide — Amide derivatives of valproic acid

“…Valnoctamide (65 mg/kg, ip) also provided a full protection in the pilocarpineinduced status epilepticus (SE) rat model when administered at seizure onset. However, in contrast to its one-carbon homologue, SPD, VCD lost its behavioral SE protection when administered (80 mg/kg) 30 min after seizure onset [14], but it did block pilocarpine-induced electrographic SE at a higher dose (180 mg/kg) [8]. Following a single dose (600 mg/kg, ip) at day 8.5 of gestation, VCD and SPD and their individual stereoisomers failed to exert any significant teratogenic effect in Swiss Vancouver (SWV)/Fnn mice, an inbred mouse strain that is highly susceptible to VPA-induced teratogenicity [9,14].…”

“…sec-Butylpropylacetamide (SPD, Fig. 1) is a one-carbon homologue of VCD currently in the preclinical stage that has unique activity against status epilepticus and organophosphate neuronal damage [7][8][9]. Both VCD and SPD ( Fig.…”

The potential of sec -butylpropylacetamide (SPD) and valnoctamide and their individual stereoisomers in status epilepticus

“…1) is a one-carbon homologue of valnoctamide (VCD, Fig. 2), a chiral constitutional isomer of valproic acid's (VPA) corresponding amide -valpromide (VPD) [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. Similar to VCD, SPD possesses two stereogenic carbons in its structure.…”

“…The anesthetics propofol and pentobarbital provide a third-line therapy. First-and second-line therapies often do not suppress electrographic SE (ESE), and third-line therapies cannot be administered in the field [6,7]. Therefore, an unmet urgent need currently exists for novel AEDs to treat refractory SE.…”