A comparative assessment of cigarette smoke aerosols using an<i>in vitro</i>air–liquid interface cytotoxicity test

Thorne, David; Dalrymple, Annette; Dillon, Debbie; Duke, Martin G.; Meredith, Clive

doi:10.3109/08958378.2015.1080773

Cited by 25 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Cytotoxicity data from contrasting and independent whole smoke studies were analyzed and presented using a consistent measure of dose (lg/cm 2 deposited mass and mg nicotine). Data from four previously published studies [35][36][37][38] were reanalyzed and combined with a previously unpublished data set using a comparative study design. Cytotoxicity data were supplemented with newly measured deposited mass of undiluted cigarette smoke, specifically obtained for this study to characterize the dilution principle.…”

Section: Unpublishedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In brief, Studies 1-4 are reanalyzed data. [35][36][37][38] Study Five is previously unpublished data. All percentage mass deliveries and fold dilutions are based on newly obtained data ( Fig.…”

Section: Unpublishedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mouse fibroblasts (BALB/c 3T3 clone A31) were obtained from the European Collection of Cell Cultures (Porton Down, United Kingdom). 35 Human carcinoma bronchial epithelial cells (NCI-H292) were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (Teddington, Middlesex, United Kingdom). 36 EpiAirway cells were obtained from MatTek (MatTek, Ashland, MA).…”

Section: Unpublishedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the VC 10, BALB/c 3T3 cells were exposed for 3 hours at the ALI to varied concentrations of whole smoke, with airflow ranging from 1 to 10 L/min. 35 In the VC 01, EpiAirway cells were exposed at the ALI with airflow of 1 L/min only, but for times of up to 6 hours. 37 Bishop et al, 2017 38 used the VC 10 to deliver undiluted aerosols (0 L/min) for up to 12 minutes to MucilAir.…”

Section: Unpublishedmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Case Study for the Comparison ofIn VitroData Across Multiple Aerosol Exposure Studies with Extrapolation to Human Dose

Thorne

Bishop

Haswell

et al. 2018

Applied In Vitro Toxicology

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In vitro aerosol systems offer advantages in generating aerosols and exposing cell cultures at the air-liquid interface (ALI), mimicking human exposure. However, dilution technologies, principles, and characteristics of exposure chambers differ between systems. In addition, various cell types and biological end points can be assessed, meaning that in vitro aerosol data are presented in different ways, so researchers are unable to compare data between systems, studies, and laboratories. In this case study we present the comparison of in vitro data across multiple aerosol exposure studies using a 3R4F reference tobacco product. The first aim assessed whether a consistent in vitro dosimetry approach could gain insight into the characterization of ALI aerosol exposure systems. The second aim assessed whether cytotoxicity data sets generated on contrasting exposure systems with different experimental setups could be directly compared. Cytotoxicity data generated from five independent studies were compared. When plotted on the x-axis as a function of dilution principle, the ''standard way'' to present whole aerosol data, there was little read across between the data sets. Expressing each data set as a function of particulate dose (lg/cm 2) and nicotine concentration (mg), however, allowed comparisons between all data sets and with human daily exposure estimates. Furthermore, compared as a function of dose, the data set showed remarkable commonalities between themselves despite clear study differences. The data demonstrate that in vitro dosimetry techniques can align data between contrasting setups and experimental protocols to facilitate comparisons and provide a link between in vitro, in vivo, and human dosimetry studies.

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Section: Unpublishedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Unpublishedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Unpublishedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Unpublishedmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A Case Study for the Comparison ofIn VitroData Across Multiple Aerosol Exposure Studies with Extrapolation to Human Dose

Thorne

Bishop

Haswell

et al. 2018

Applied In Vitro Toxicology

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“…As the number and type of ALI in vitro exposure systems continues to grow, the need for accurate aerosol dosimetry is complicated by the various sizes (6-24 mm) of cell culture inserts, as well as 35 mm petri dishes and the different geometries used in these systems. A significant number of publications on aerosol dosimetry in ALI in vitro exposure systems have utilized liquid particle aerosols like fluorescently tagged glycerol (Steiner et al 2017), mainstream tobacco smoke (Thorne et al , 2015Weber et al 2013;Adamson et al 2013;Majeed et al 2014;Ishikawa, Suzuki, and Nagata 2016a;Ishikawa et al 2016b;Aufderheide et al 2017) or aerosols from evapor products (Neilson et al 2015). Some of the liquid particle aerosols used, like mainstream tobacco smoke and aerosols from e-vapor products are chemically and temporally dynamic which complicates their quantitative aerosol dosimetry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deposition efficiency and uniformity of monodisperse solid particle deposition in the Vitrocell® 24/48 Air–Liquid-Interface in vitro exposure system

Oldham

Castro

Zhang

et al. 2019

Aerosol Science and Technology

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A key to understanding biological response due to cell exposure to chemical constituents in aerosols is to accurately be able to determine the delivered dose. Deposition efficiency and uniformity of deposition was measured experimentally in the Vitrocell V R 24/48 air-liquidinterface (ALI) in vitro exposure system using monodisperse solid fluorescent particles with mass median aerodynamic diameters (MMAD) of 0.51, 1.1, 2.2 and 3.3 mm. Experimental results were compared with computational fluid dynamics (CFD; using both Lagrangian and Eulerian approaches) predicted deposition efficiency and uniformity for a single row (N ¼ 6) of cell culture inserts in the Vitrocell V R 24/48 system. Deposited fluorescent monodisperse particles were quantified using fluorescent microscopy and Image J software. Experiments were conducted using a suspension of two particle MMADs with each experiment being conducted a total of three times on different days. The average experimentally measured deposition efficiency ranged from a low of 0.013% for 0.51 mm MMAD particles to a maximum 0.86% for 3.3 mm MMAD particles. There was good agreement between the average experimentally measured and the CFD predicted particle deposition efficiency (regardless of approach) with agreement being slightly better at the smaller MMADs. Experimentally measured and CFD predicted average uniformity of deposition was >45% of the mean and within 15% of the mean for 0.51 mm and 2.2 MMAD mm particles, respectively. Experimentally measured average uniformity of deposition was between 15 and 45% of the mean while CFD predictions were within 15% of the mean for 1.1 and 3.3 mm MMAD particles. The deposition efficiency and uniformity across the cell culture inserts for solid particles should be considered when designing exposure regimens using the Vitrocell V R 24/48 ALI in vitro exposure system.

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Advances in whole aerosol approaches for in vitro e‐cigarette testing

Bishop

Gaça

Thorne

2023

Drug Testing and Analysis

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Electronic‐cigarette regulation and risk assessment is a prominent and developing field, as the popularity and prevalence of this product category increases. Over the last 10 years since their emergence, there have been many advances and adaptations to current in vitro testing techniques to better assess and predict absolute consumer risk. However, there are still requirements to create a cross‐field harmonised approach to appropriate exposure and experimental design. With many assessments still being carried out using methods developed and optimised for cigarette smoke, there must first be an acknowledgement regarding the differences between cigarette smoke and tobacco‐free e‐cigarette aerosols before we can accurately assess these distinct products. Here, we discuss five published studies from within our own research to demonstrate how in vitro testing techniques have evolved to improve determination of risk by considering appropriate dosimetry and exposure for both e‐cigarette and cigarette aerosols and how we can contextualise the data through human consumption and dose extrapolation, ultimately giving more relevance to in vitro data. Furthermore, we have demonstrated the evolution of techniques, which has allowed us to bridge between platforms, simplify exposure set‐up, experimental design and demonstrate technology evolution within our products, thus fulfilling a responsible duty of care to consumers via an appropriate and robust in vitro product assessment.

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A comparative assessment of cigarette smoke aerosols using anin vitroair–liquid interface cytotoxicity test

Cited by 25 publications

References 32 publications

A Case Study for the Comparison ofIn VitroData Across Multiple Aerosol Exposure Studies with Extrapolation to Human Dose

A Case Study for the Comparison ofIn VitroData Across Multiple Aerosol Exposure Studies with Extrapolation to Human Dose

Deposition efficiency and uniformity of monodisperse solid particle deposition in the Vitrocell® 24/48 Air–Liquid-Interface in vitro exposure system

Advances in whole aerosol approaches for in vitro e‐cigarette testing

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