A comparative analysis of the vestibular apparatus in Epipliopithecus vindobonensis: Phylogenetic implications

Urciuoli, Alessandro; Zanolli, Clément; Beaudet, Amélie; Pina, Marta; Almécija, Sergio; Moyà‐Solà, Salvador; Alba, David M.

doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2020.102930

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…As expected according to previous analyses of the bony labyrinth in vertebrates 10 , 15 , 22 – 24 , the impact of the phylogeny on the shape of the bony labyrinth is significant in ruminants. The bg-PCA shows that Pecora, except Bovidae younger than 10-9 Ma, have retained an overall bony labyrinth morphology similar to that of the most ancestral stem ruminants studied (Supplementary Fig.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 83%

Ruminant inner ear shape records 35 million years of neutral evolution

et al. 2022

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Extrinsic and intrinsic factors impact diversity. On deep-time scales, the extrinsic impact of climate and geology are crucial, but poorly understood. Here, we use the inner ear morphology of ruminant artiodactyls to test for a deep-time correlation between a low adaptive anatomical structure and both extrinsic and intrinsic variables. We apply geometric morphometric analyses in a phylogenetic frame to X-ray computed tomographic data from 191 ruminant species. Contrasting results across ruminant clades show that neutral evolutionary processes over time may strongly influence the evolution of inner ear morphology. Extant, ecologically diversified clades increase their evolutionary rate with decreasing Cenozoic global temperatures. Evolutionary rate peaks with the colonization of new continents. Simultaneously, ecologically restricted clades show declining or unchanged rates. These results suggest that both climate and paleogeography produced heterogeneous environments, which likely facilitated Cervidae and Bovidae diversification and exemplifies the effect of extrinsic and intrinsic factors on evolution in ruminants.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 83%

Ruminant inner ear shape records 35 million years of neutral evolution

et al. 2022

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“…In that case, Pliobates and other pliopipthecoids are supported as members of the stem hominoid lineage, as in some 1 , 4 but not most 2 , 3 , 5 , 41 previous cladistic analyses, which support instead a stem catarrhine status. The latter is supported by the lack of crown catarrhine synapomorphies coupled with the retention of more plesiomorphic features including an incompletely ossified ectotympanic, the presence of entepicondylar foramen in the distal humerus, and the possession of a single hinge-like carpometacarpal thumb joint 16 – 19 , 42 – 46 . Pliobates is more derived than pliopithecoids by lacking the entepicondylar foramen and displaying multiple hominoid-like elbow and wrist specializations 1 , but its short tubular and incompletely ossified ectotympanic 1 , less derived than hose of the stem cercopithecoid Victoriapithecus 47 and the stem hominoids Ekembo 48 and Nyanzapithecus 2 , is more similar to that of Epipliopithecus 23 and thus more consistent with a stem catarrhine status.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 1 (Supplementary Data 4 and 5 ); furthermore, due to the addition of new taxa, we modified the definition and/or recoded the taxa for the following characters: #18, #24, #35, #38, #41, #43, #45, #47, #53–56, #58–59, #64–69, and #88 (Supplementary Data 4 and 5 ). We further updated the cranial and postcranial features based on recently published papers dealing with Pliobates and/or other pliopithecoids 9 , 10 , 34 , 46 (Supplementary Data 4 and 5 ): in the case of the cranium, we updated the characters related to the carotid canal based on ref. 9 (i.e., discarding characters #106 and #107 of ref.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Miocene primate Pliobates is a pliopithecoid

Bouchet,

Zanolli,

Urciuoli

et al. 2024

Nat Commun

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The systematic status of the small-bodied catarrhine primate Pliobates cataloniae, from the Miocene (11.6 Ma) of Spain, is controversial because it displays a mosaic of primitive and derived features compared with extant hominoids (apes and humans). Cladistic analyses have recovered Pliobates as either a stem hominoid or as a pliopithecoid stem catarrhine (i.e., preceding the cercopithecoid–hominoid divergence). Here, we describe additional dental remains of P. cataloniae from another locality that display unambiguous synapomorphies of crouzeliid pliopithecoids. Our cladistic analyses support a close phylogenetic link with poorly-known small crouzeliids from Europe based on (cranio)dental characters but recover pliopithecoids as stem hominoids when postcranial characters are included. We conclude that Pliobates is a derived stem catarrhine that shows postcranial convergences with modern apes in the elbow and wrist joints—thus clarifying pliopithecoid evolution and illustrating the plausibility of independent acquisition of postcranial similarities between hylobatids and hominids.

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“…heseloni was considered a stem hominoid; B. huerzeleri was included as the sister-taxon of E. vindobonensis based on the assumption that pliopithecoids are monophyletic (e.g., Gilbert et al, 2020b). The divergence time of the nodes for extinct taxa was arbitrarily set 1 Myr prior to the divergence between the next derived node (Almécija et al, 2019;Urciuoli et al, 2021)…”

Section: Geometric Morphometric Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pliopithecoids are a diverse group of early to late Miocene primates that is customarily considered a Eurasian clade of stem catarrhines more derived than propliopithecoids (Andrews et al, 1996;Begun, 2002Begun, , 2017Harrison, 2005Harrison, , 2013Urciuoli et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%