A comparative analysis of short-latency somatosensory evoked potentials in man, monkey, cat, and rat

Allison, Truett; Hume, Ann L.

doi:10.1016/0014-4886(81)90008-x

Cited by 165 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…6 ' 830 ' 32 The comparable SEP in humans is probably the N20 or P20 potential. 30 In our study, the duration of SEP recording (20 milliseconds) was not long enough to observe later cortical peaks reported in the literature. 8 ' 32 This study, using the cat middle cerebral artery occlusion model, suggests that SEP's provide a reliable indicator of severe focal cerebral ischemia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

“…6 ' 830 " 32 Several short latency far-field components (designated I-IV in cat, N12-N14 in man) are presumed to originate in peripheral nerve, spinal cord, brainstem and possibly cerebellum. 30 " 32 These peaks were not consistently identified in our cats or in other studies. 68 Early near-field peaks are postulated to originate in the thalamus or thalamocortical projections (PI in cats, P15 in humans), somatosensory cortex (P2 or V in cats, N20 or P20 in humans) and associated cortex (P3, P4 in cats).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

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Correlation between somatosensory evoked potentials and neuronal ischemic changes following middle cerebral artery occlusion.

Steinberg¹,

Gelb²,

Lam³

et al. 1986

Stroke

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SUMMARYIn an attempt to determine the usefulness of evoked potentials as a measure of focal cerebral ischemia, we examined somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP's) and morphological neuronal changes in cats following unilateral middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion. Fifteen adult cats underwent transorbital occlusion of the MCA under halothane anesthesia. In seven cats the ipsilateral SEP's were abolished after middle cerebral artery occlusion, and did not show any recovery after 6 hours. The same seven cats showed the greatest area of moderate and severe ischemic neuronal changes, ranging from 21 to 64% (mean 39 ± 14%) of the total ipsilateral cortical area. The remaining eight cats showed a complete flattening or decreased amplitude of the SEP after occlusion, but demonstrated a considerable recovery in the amplitude of the primary cortical potential during the six hours of the study. All these cats had ischemic areas of less than 15% (mean 9 ± 3%) of the total ipsilateral cortex. These results demonstrate that the disappearance of the SEP and their failure to recover correlate with the extent and degree of histologicai cerebral ischemia.Stroke 4 Recently, SEP's have been applied to canine and feline models to study cerebral ischemia.5 " 8 In an attempt to explore the relationship between evoked potentials and histologicai focal cerebral ischemia, we examined SEP's and ischemic neuronal changes in cats following unilateral middle cerebral artery occlusion. Material and MethodsFifteen adults cats (mean weight 3.2 kg) were studied. The anesthetic technique and method of SEP recording were identical during implantation of the occlusive device and the acute experiment. Anesthetic TechniqueEach animal was sedated with ketamine HC1 (30 mg/kg intraperitoneally) and atropine sulphate (0.2 mg intraperitoneally), intubated, paralyzed with gallamine triethiodide (0.3 mg/kg) and artifically ventilated with air and oxygen (FIO 2 0.6). Anesthesia was maintained with halothane (0.75-1.25%) adjusted to keep the blood pressure constant at approximately 120/80. A cephalic venous catheter was inserted and 0.9% saline infused at 4 ml/hr. A femoral arterial cut-down catheter was placed. Body temperature was measured with

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Correlation between somatosensory evoked potentials and neuronal ischemic changes following middle cerebral artery occlusion.

Steinberg¹,

Gelb²,

Lam³

et al. 1986

Stroke

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“…Scalp recordings show not only cortex-generated potentials, but also far field (Ff) potentials which are generated by structures far from the active electrode and reach the recording site by volume conduction. Generators of far field potentials were shown by Wiederholt & Iragui-Madoz [12], and also SEPs in four species were shown by Allison and Hume [2] to be remarkably similar in morphology and surface topography.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…The first of the far field potentials (Ff 1 ) originates in the cervical posterior column (fasciculus gracilis) in rats, as Wiederholt and Iragui-Madoz [12] observed, and the existence of a similar potential was also revealed in humans [1,2,7]. It was observed that Ff1 was still recorded even following transection at the midbrain [10,12] or the medullospinal junction [12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Findings of Somatosensory Evoked Potential to Stimulation of the Sciatic Nerve in Two Different Rat Strains.

Oğuzhanoğlu

Kurt

2001

Exp. Anim.

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Abstract:No comparative study about somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) on different rat strains has been done yet. It is evident that comparative SEP studies are important since different rat strains have different physiological properties. We aimed to compare early latency SEP values from stimulation of sciatic nerve in Wistar (Wr) and Sprague-Dawley (SDr) rats which are frequently used rat strains in experimental studies. In Wr group, the mean of first far field potential (Ff1) latency was shorter and the mean Ff1 amplitude was lower than that of Sprague-Dawley rat group. Mean cortical potential latency in Wr group was longer than that of SDr group while amplitude was not different. Central conduction time (CCT) in Wistar rat group was found to be longer than that of SDr group. Shorter Ff1 latency in Wr group implies that afferent volley reaches cervical posterior fasciculus from sciatic nerve earlier than SDr group while longer CP latency implies that afferent volley reaches cortex later than SDr group. Similarity between the latencies of lumbar potentials implies that peripheral conduction velocity has no effect on the difference of Ff1 latencies. Key words: central conduction time, somatosensory evoked potentials, Sprague-Dawley rat, Wistar rat Materials and MethodsThe female rats investigated were 10-12 weeks old and a total of 12 Wr and 12 SDr rats were included in the study. Both groups were kept under the same conditions, i.e. temperature was between 22-25°C, relative humidity was about 50%, and the light-dark cycle was 12:12 hr. During and after the study none of the animals were killed or disabled. Recordings were done under general anesthesia which was achieved by injecting intraperitoneally a mixture of 12 mg/kg xylazine and 75 mg/kg ketamine. Two-channel recording was

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“…A large positive negative-positive complex (P3-N-P4) was consid ered the primary cortical response (Lye et ai, 1987;Sakatani et aI., 1990). The two small positive waves preceding the P3 wave (PI, P2) are believed to orig inate from activities in the thalamocortical path ways (Wiederholt and Iragui-Mados, 1977;Allison and Hume, 1981). The latencies of PI, P2, and P3 were 5.7 ± 0.7, 7.5 ± 0.7, and 10.0 ± 0.7 ms (mean ± SD), respectively.…”

Section: Electrophysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Changes in Thalamic Relay Neurons after Focal Cerebral Infarct: A Study of Unit Recordings from VPL Neurons after MCA Occlusion in Rats

Tokuno

Kataoka

Asai

et al. 1992

J Cereb Blood Flow Metab

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Summary:We evaluated neuronal and histological changes of thalamic neurons 1, 4, 7, and 14 days after middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion in rats. After the somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) were measured from the cerebral cortex, the thalamic relay neuronal ac tivities were recorded with a glass microelectrode follow ing repetitive electrical stimulation of the contralateral forepaw at frequencies ranging from 1 to 50 Hz. In -95% of the occluded rats, the ipsilateral somatosensory cortex and/or the subcortical somatosensory pathway developed infarct, resulting in SEP loss. We evaluated unit data from rats with abolished SEPs. The average firing rate of the nucleus ventralis posterolateralis (VPL) neurons in response to 25 stimulations at 30 Hz was significantly reduced to 0.1 spike/stimulus 1 day after MCA occlusion.After the occurrence of a localized brain lesion, neuronal structures remote from the primary lesion develop functional and/or histological changes through the neuronal pathway. The thalamocortical and the corticothalamic pathway closely connects the cerebral cortex and the ipsilateral thalamus. Cortical infarct results in progressive degeneration in the ipsilateral thalamus in humans and rats

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A comparative analysis of short-latency somatosensory evoked potentials in man, monkey, cat, and rat

Cited by 165 publications

References 24 publications

Correlation between somatosensory evoked potentials and neuronal ischemic changes following middle cerebral artery occlusion.

Correlation between somatosensory evoked potentials and neuronal ischemic changes following middle cerebral artery occlusion.

Findings of Somatosensory Evoked Potential to Stimulation of the Sciatic Nerve in Two Different Rat Strains.

Functional Changes in Thalamic Relay Neurons after Focal Cerebral Infarct: A Study of Unit Recordings from VPL Neurons after MCA Occlusion in Rats

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