A Comparative Analysis of Copper and Carbon Nanotubes-Based Global Interconnects in 32 nm Technology

Joshi, Arti; Soni, Gaurav

doi:10.1007/978-981-10-0448-3_35

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 9 publications

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“…CNTs, cylindrical tubes of graphene (whether it be one layer to multiple layers), have been an ever increasing presence in research, in both academic and commercial industries. − This strong interest is driven primarily by the unique electronic, chemical and mechanical properties that make them ideal for a number of applications, demonstrating both electrical and thermal performances which surpass those of copper, and mechanical performance that exceed the strongest steels. − Yet, the ability to translate these properties to the macroscale is still a challenge, mainly due to the inability to produce CNTs at any given lengths, such that the electrical conductivity, for example, is limited by the high CNT to CNT contact resistance.. This requires an ex-situ manufacturing process, where CNT are dispersed in solvents to enable a more uniform “designer property” to be incorporated into the desired application.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro-Centrifugal Technique for Improved Assessment and Optimization of Nanomaterial Dispersions: The Case for Carbon Nanotubes

King

Castaldelli

McCaffterty

et al. 2018

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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Large-scale incorporation of nanomaterials into manufactured materials can only take place if they are suitably dispersed and mobile within the constituent components, typically within a solution/ink formulation so that the additive process can commence. Natural hydrophobicity of many nanomaterials must be overcome for their successful incorporation into any solution-based manufacturing process. To date, this has been typically achieved using polymers or surfactants, rather than chemical functionalization, to preserve the remarkable properties of the nanomaterials. Quantifying surfactant or dispersion technique efficacy has been challenging. Here we introduce a new methodology to quantify dispersions applicable to high-weight fraction suspensions of most nanomaterials. It is based on centrifuging and weighing residue of undispersed material. This enables the determination of the efficacy of surfactants to disperse nanomaterials (e.g., ultrasonication power and duration) and leads to increased nanomaterial solution loading. To demonstrate this technique, we assessed carbon nanotube dispersions using popular surfactants: Benzalkonium chloride (ADBAC), Brij52, Brij58, PluronicF127, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS), Triton X-100, TritonX-405, and Tween80, evaluating the dispersion outcome when varying sonicator power and horn depth as well as imaging sono-intensity within the solution with luminol. The methodology is shown to be applicable for high-weight fraction nanomaterial suspensions, enabling greater deployment.

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