A compact uniplanar ultra‐wideband frequency selective surface for antenna gain improvement and ground penetrating radar application

Abstract

A simple structured single layered frequency selective surface (FSS) that has unit cell size of 11 × 11 mm2, substrate thickness of 0.8 mm only and capable to work in a very widespread band from 0.001 to more than 17 GHz is proposed in this article. The FSS is competent to augment the gain of a UWB monopole antenna by 2 to 3.5 dBi when integrated at the back of antenna. The performances of “antenna‐FSS” structure is evaluated by simulation and experimental measurement where good correlations are obtained. The integrated structure provides wide impedance band (S11 < −10 dB) from 2.82 to 19.94 GHz (more than 150%) with improved broadside radiation and high radiation efficiency profile. The transient and frequency domain characteristics of “antenna‐FSS” composite structure are also evaluated in close proximity of diverse sub‐surfaces such as dry sand, wet sand, wood and concrete where an almost unaltered impedance band profile, linear transfer function response and non‐varying group delay responses are achieved which establishes the applicability of the composite structure in ground penetrating radar for low depth sub‐surface scanning applications.

Angle and polarization-independent miniaturized UWB FSS design

“…Table 1 compares the size, operating BW, and the angle-independence performance of the proposed FSS with other methods in published literature. In comparison to singlelayer single-sided (SLSS) designs [7][8][9]15] and single-layer double-face (SLDS) designs [16,19,20], the structure designed in this study has an advantage in terms of size while ensuring an excellent fractional BW (FBW) performance. Compared with the 2.5-D FSS structure in [24][25][26], the unit size of the proposed design is 4.2 mm × 4.2 mm, which provides 126% FBW.…”

“…5-11.4 GHz stop-band FSS design. Kundu [15] provides a new approach for the design of UWB FSS, which uses a larger square patch to provide a low-frequency response and a 4 × 4 periodic array of square slot apertures to generate a high-frequency response. This combination achieves almost total reflection in the 0.001-17 GHz band.…”

A low profileRFshieldingFSSwith enhanced ultrawide bandwidth range and angular stability

“…• In comparison with, [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36] the proposed FSS reflector for shielding application is very compact (0.052λ 0 Â 0.052λ 0 Â 0.0075λ 0 ) in this wideband range from 2.84 GHz to more than 20 GHz. • In comparison to other related prototypes, this twodimensional single metallization layer has the highest FBW of more than 150% as reported in the literature.…”

Research on application of ground penetrating radar array method based on plane beam signal in different geological models

“…And due to the scattering of signals by the underground medium, it makes the detection depth shallow. The target resolution is low, the antenna power gain effect is poor, the effective excitation signal and the follow-up echo signal are weak, and there are problems such as low signal anti-interference ability (Kundu 2020 ; Raza et al 2020 ). To solve this series of problems, many scholars have done a lot of research on the improvement of GPR (Annan 2002 ).…”