A compact pulsed X-ray source for high-speed radiography

Lavrinovich, Ivan; Zharova, N. A.; Petin, V. K.; Ratakhin, N. A.; Fedushchak, V. F.; Shlyakhtun, S. V.; Erfort, A. A.

doi:10.1134/s0020441213030081

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Therefore, the metal foils with low atomic weight, such as beryllium (Be), aluminum (Al), titanium (Ti) are usually used in these accelerators [15]. For x-ray bremsstrahlung sources, anode foils made of a metal having a large atomic number are used, because the anode material determines the efficiency of this radiation [23][24][25]. Furthermore, the condition of the anode material also affects the breakdown voltage in vacuum diodes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of cathode and anode materials on the high-energy electron beam in the nanosecond-pulse breakdown in gas-filled diodes

Zhang¹,

Huang²,

Ding³

et al. 2019

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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High-energy electron beam can be generated during the breakdown process in a gas diode at elevated pressures. The design of electrodes in the gas diode affects the parameters of these electron beams. In this paper, investigation on parameters of the runaway electron beam (REB) in air and nitrogen excited by nanosecond pulsed generators are presented. Experiments were carried out with gas diodes by using cathode and anode made of different materials, including stainless steel, aluminum, copper and titanium. Experimental results show that, in the case of nanosecond-pulse breakdown, the cathode material significantly affects the amplitude of the REB current pulse when either pressure or gap spacing are small. When the pressure is low, the REB current is highest for the stainless steel cathode due to its small electron work function. However, the REB current for the aluminum, copper and titanium cathodes is higher than that of stainless steel cathode at atmospheric pressure because of the Malter effect on their surfaces. The dependence of the amplitude of the REB current on the anode foils is investigated by using aluminum, titanium, copper and tantalum. The experimental results show that the atomic number of the metal, as well as mass mean free path of the electron in it contribute to the amplitude of the REB current pulse. Based on the REB currents of different anode foils, energy distribution of runaway electrons is estimated. Electron distribution with an average energy of ~55 keV is obtained when the amplitude of the applied voltage pulse across the discharge gap is 110 kV. The results may contribute to the design of the gas diode for the generation of high-energy electron beams in nanosecond-pulse breakdown.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of cathode and anode materials on the high-energy electron beam in the nanosecond-pulse breakdown in gas-filled diodes

Zhang¹,

Huang²,

Ding³

et al. 2019

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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“…Every group of the packs is a high-current capacitor of 0.35 μF for the voltage of 50 kV. The section is placed into a metal housing of the module with the dimensions 314x314x160 mm 3 and isolated by a paper-oil insulation for the full voltage of 50 kV. The output from the midpoint of the two capacitors is connected to the high voltage electrode of the triggered gas switch installed on the cover in front of the midpoint.…”

Section: The Design Of the Capacitive Storage And Switching Modulementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The coaxial version with the volume primary winding and the secondary winding formed by a common housing and a central stalk-voltage adder have the lowest possible induction and a minimal resistance of windings. It reduces both the energy transfer time and losses [1][2][3].The following are the design and the basic characteristics of linear pulse transformer with an output voltage of 800 kV and the modular capacitive energy storage in the form of low-inductance capacitorswitch modules, designed for fast (≈350 ns) charging of a pulse forming line of a nanosecond highcurrent accelerator. …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Linear transformer and primary low-inductance switch and capacitor modules for fast charging of PFL

Bykov

Krastelev

Popov

et al. 2017

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Abstract. A step-up linear pulse transformer and a modular primary powering system were developed for fast (≈350 ns) charging of a pulse forming line (PFL) of a high-current electron accelerator. The linear transformer is assembled of a set of 20 inductors with circular ferromagnetic cores and one-turn primary windings. The secondary turn is formed by housing tube walls and a voltage adder with a film-glycerol insulation installed inside of the inductors. The primary powering system assembles 10 modules, each of them is a low-inductance site of two capacitors of 0,35 µF and one gas switch mounted at the same enclosure. The total stored energy is 5.5 kJ at the charging voltage of 40 kV. According to test results, the equivalent parameters at the output of the transformer are the next: a capacity -17.5 nF, an inductance -2 µH, a resistance -3.2 Ohms. IntroductionLinear transformers take a special place among the variety of existing high voltage pulse transformers. They assemble a series set of one-turn transformers with primary windings fed separately and the common one-turn secondary winding. The coaxial version with the volume primary winding and the secondary winding formed by a common housing and a central stalk-voltage adder have the lowest possible induction and a minimal resistance of windings. It reduces both the energy transfer time and losses [1][2][3].The following are the design and the basic characteristics of linear pulse transformer with an output voltage of 800 kV and the modular capacitive energy storage in the form of low-inductance capacitorswitch modules, designed for fast (≈350 ns) charging of a pulse forming line of a nanosecond highcurrent accelerator.

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Development of compact nanosecond pulsed X-ray source

Chen

Zhou

et al. 2017

Laser Part. Beams

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A compact nanosecond pulsed X-ray source is described. The X-ray source consists of two important subassemblies: a high-voltage pulse generator and an X-ray diode. The high-voltage pulse generator is designed based on the principle of triple resonance circuit producing a high-voltage pulse across the X-ray diode with amplitude of up to 500 kV. The X-ray diode is a sealed transmission target X-ray tube. Its cathode is comb structure formed from thin tungsten sheets with thickness 50 µm, while its target is made of 100 µm titanium film. The X-ray dose at a distance of 20 cm from the diode is 20 mR per pulse, while the diode voltage is 512 kV. In the case, the full-width at half-maximum of the X-ray pulse is ~5 ns.

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A compact pulsed X-ray source for high-speed radiography

Cited by 10 publications

References 4 publications

Effect of cathode and anode materials on the high-energy electron beam in the nanosecond-pulse breakdown in gas-filled diodes

Effect of cathode and anode materials on the high-energy electron beam in the nanosecond-pulse breakdown in gas-filled diodes

Linear transformer and primary low-inductance switch and capacitor modules for fast charging of PFL

Development of compact nanosecond pulsed X-ray source

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