A compact evolved antenna for 5G communications

Marasco, Ilaria; Niro, Giovanni; Mastronardi, Vincenzo Mariano; Rizzi, Francesco; D’Orazio, A.; Vittorio, Massimo De; Grande, M.

doi:10.1038/s41598-022-14447-9

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Therefore, it can be exploited for measuring heartbeat through vein deformations in a non-invasive way. Moreover, integration of this technology with RF systems can pave the way for a new class of wireless low-power consuming and highly sensitive devices in the field of IoHT and sub-6GHz 5G-spectrum applications [9,10], where several sensor nodes are wirelessly connected for medical reasons [11][12][13][14]. The standard de facto as regards wireless sensors is represented by Bluetooth (BT) and ZigBee technologies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wearable Heart Rate Monitoring Device Communicating in 5G ISM Band for IoHT

et al. 2023

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Advances in wearable device technology pave the way for wireless health monitoring for medical and non-medical applications. In this work, we present a wearable heart rate monitoring platform communicating in the sub-6GHz 5G ISM band. The proposed device is composed of an Aluminium Nitride (AlN) piezoelectric sensor, a patch antenna, and a custom printed circuit board (PCB) for data acquisition and transmission. The experimental results show that the presented system can acquire heart rate together with diastolic and systolic duration, which are related to heart relaxation and contraction, respectively, from the posterior tibial artery. The overall system dimension is 20 mm by 40 mm, and the total weight is 20 g, making this device suitable for daily utilization. Furthermore, the system allows the simultaneous monitoring of multiple subjects, or a single patient from multiple body locations by using only one reader. The promising results demonstrate that the proposed system is applicable to the Internet of Healthcare Things (IoHT), and particularly Integrated Clinical Environment (ICE) applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wearable Heart Rate Monitoring Device Communicating in 5G ISM Band for IoHT

et al. 2023

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“…The increasing use of halogenated or toxic compounds are harmful to the environment. The employment of the polluting plasticbased flexible substrates such as Kapton [4], Polyethylene Naphtalate (PEN) [5][6][7], Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) [8], and Liquid Crystal Polymers (LCPs) [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Fabrication of a Plastic-Free Antenna on a Sustainable Chitosan Substrate

Marasco

Niro

Marzo

et al. 2023

IEEE Electron Device Lett.

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The majority of wearable and flexible 5G and 6G devices are based on plastic substrates, that are harmful to the environment. Therefore, the development of sustainable and plastic-free radio frequency (RF) devices becomes a crucial issue. In this regard, we present a fully biocompatible Planar Inverted-F Antenna (PIFA), fabricated on a 55 µm-thick chitosan substrate. Chitosan has a relative dielectric constant of 5. This antenna is working at 4.5 GHz in the sub-6 GHz band of the 5G spectrum. It has a very compact footprint of 14 x 23 mm 2 and a Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) of 0.41 W/kg. The prototype has been fabricated using an innovative fabrication protocol. A very good agreement between numerical and experimental results has been obtained. The measured realized gain is equal to 1 dBi at the resonant frequency. Our results demonstrate the suitability of chitosan as a dielectric substrate for the fabrication of plastic-free antennas and paves the way for the development of sustainable wearable devices for the Internet of Healthcare Things (IoHT) applications.

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“…Several works in the literature have reported flexible and wearable sensors [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ]; nevertheless, the integration with electronics at radio frequencies is still an issue to overcome. Indeed, the integration of sensors with ultra-high frequencies (UHFs) is a strategic step forward in wearable applications for facilitating integration with wireless systems, overcoming the use of cables and connectors, and enhancing the sensitivity of the devices [ 10 , 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Fabrication of a Flexible Gravimetric Sensor Based on a Thin-Film Bulk Acoustic Wave Resonator

Niro

Marasco

Rizzi

et al. 2023

Sensors

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Sensing systems are becoming less and less invasive. In this context, flexible materials offer new opportunities that are impossible to achieve with bulky and rigid chips. Standard silicon sensors cannot be adapted to curved shapes and are susceptible to big deformations, thus discouraging their use in wearable applications. Another step forward toward minimising the impacts of the sensors can be to avoid the use of cables and connectors by exploiting wireless transmissions at ultra-high frequencies (UHFs). Thin-film bulk acoustic wave resonators (FBARs) represent the most promising choice among all of the piezoelectric microelectromechanical system (MEMS) resonators for the climbing of radio frequencies. Accordingly, the fabrication of FBARs on flexible and wearable substrates represents a strategic step toward obtaining a new generation of highly sensitive wireless sensors. In this work, we propose the design and fabrication of a flexible gravimetric sensor based on an FBAR on a polymeric substrate. The resonator presents one of the highest electromechanical coupling factors in the category of flexible AlN-based FBARs, equal to 6%. Moreover, thanks to the polymeric support layer, the presence of membranes can be avoided, which leads to a faster and cheaper fabrication process and higher robustness of the structure. The mass sensitivity of the device was evaluated, obtaining a promising value of 23.31 ppm/pg. We strongly believe that these results can pave the way to a new class of wearable MEMS sensors that exploit ultra-high-frequency (UHF) transmissions.

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A compact evolved antenna for 5G communications

Cited by 16 publications

References 32 publications

Wearable Heart Rate Monitoring Device Communicating in 5G ISM Band for IoHT

Wearable Heart Rate Monitoring Device Communicating in 5G ISM Band for IoHT

Design and Fabrication of a Plastic-Free Antenna on a Sustainable Chitosan Substrate

Design and Fabrication of a Flexible Gravimetric Sensor Based on a Thin-Film Bulk Acoustic Wave Resonator

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