A Community-transmitted Case of Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (SARS) Due to SARS-CoV-2 in the United States

Sanville, Bradley; Corbett, R.; Pidcock, Wesley; Hardin, Kaitlyn; Sebat, Christian; Nguyen, Mimi; Thompson, George R.; Haczku, Angela Franciska; Schivo, Michael; Cohen, Stuart H.

doi:10.1093/cid/ciaa347

Cited by 27 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Another report detailing the first case of community‐transmitted SARS‐CoV‐2 in the United States demonstrated similar complications of delayed diagnosis and treatment with remdesivir was recently published. Similar to our case, the authors observed clinical improvement after treatment with remdesivir initiated on day 11 of illness 16 …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Delayed Initiation of Remdesivir in a COVID‐19‐Positive Patient

et al. 2020

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We present a case of late initiation of remdesivir antiviral therapy in the successful treatment of a patient with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) in a mixed medical intensive care unit of a community teaching hospital. A previously healthy 40‐year‐old man was admitted to the hospital 3 days after the onset of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) symptoms including dry cough, fever, and shortness of breath progressing to intubation and increased mechanical ventilator support. A request for compassionate use remdesivir was submitted on the same hospital day as the positive COVID‐19 polymerase chain reaction result. Supportive measures, in addition to a 5‐day course of hydroxychloroquine, were maintained until remdesivir could be supplied on day 9 of hospitalization, 13 days after symptom onset. Sixty hours after initiating remdesivir, the patient was successfully extubated and able to transition to room air within 24 hours of extubation. Late initiation of remdesivir may be effective in treating SARS‐CoV‐2, unlike antivirals utilized for different disease states, such as oseltamivir, that are most effective when started as soon as possible following symptom onset. Urgent action is needed by regulatory agencies to work with drug manufacturers to expedite the study and approval of investigational agents targeting SARS‐CoV‐2 as well as to meet manufacturing demands.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Delayed Initiation of Remdesivir in a COVID‐19‐Positive Patient

et al. 2020

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“…Patient source control (e.g., patient wearing a mask or connected to a closed-system ventilator during HCP exposures) might also reduce risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Although the index patient was not masked or ventilated for the majority of hospital A admission, at hospital B, where the patient remained on a closed system ventilator from arrival to receiving a positive test result, none of the 146 HCP identified as exposed developed known COVID-19 infection (8). Source control strategies, such as masking of patients, visitors, and HCP, should be considered by health care facilities to reduce risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission of COVID-19 to Health Care Personnel During Exposures to a Hospitalized Patient — Solano County, California, February 2020

Heinzerling¹,

Stuckey²,

Scheuer³

et al. 2020

MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep.

440

411

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“…SARS-CoV-2 virus (2019-nCoV/USA-CA9/2020) was isolated from the nasal swab of a COVID-19 patient with acute respiratory distress syndrome admitted to University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento ( 48 ). Vero cells (ATCC CCL-81) were used for viral isolation and stock expansion.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 infection induces germinal center responses with robust stimulation of CD4 T follicular helper cells in rhesus macaques

Elizaldi

Lakshmanappa

Roh

et al. 2020

Preprint

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ABSTRACTCD4 T follicular helper (Tfh) cells are important for the generation of long-lasting and specific humoral protection against viral infections. The degree to which SARS-CoV-2 infection generates Tfh cells and stimulates the germinal center response is an important question as we investigate vaccine options for the current pandemic. Here we report that, following infection with SARS-CoV-2, adult rhesus macaques exhibited transient accumulation of activated, proliferating Tfh cells in their peripheral blood on a transitory basis. The CD4 helper cell responses were skewed predominantly toward a Th1 response in blood, lung, and lymph nodes, reflective of the interferon-rich cytokine environment following infection. We also observed the generation of germinal center Tfh cells specific for the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) and nucleocapsid (N) proteins, and a corresponding early appearance of antiviral serum IgG antibodies but delayed or absent IgA antibodies. Our data suggest that a vaccine promoting Th1-type Tfh responses that target the S protein may lead to protective immunity.

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A Community-transmitted Case of Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (SARS) Due to SARS-CoV-2 in the United States

Cited by 27 publications

References 16 publications

Delayed Initiation of Remdesivir in a COVID‐19‐Positive Patient

Delayed Initiation of Remdesivir in a COVID‐19‐Positive Patient

Transmission of COVID-19 to Health Care Personnel During Exposures to a Hospitalized Patient — Solano County, California, February 2020

SARS-CoV-2 infection induces germinal center responses with robust stimulation of CD4 T follicular helper cells in rhesus macaques

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