A community evaluation of Parent-Child Interaction Therapy for children with prenatal substance exposure

Egan, Ryan; Wilsie, Carisa; Thompson, Yutian; Funderburk, Beverly W.; Bard, Elizabeth

doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105239

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…There remains a dearth of research on outcomes of PCIT among children with prenatal opioid exposure. While Egan and colleagues [ 58 ] recently explored the immediate outcomes of a community-based implementation of PCIT for children with prenatal substance exposure, there is a growing need for thorough and long-term investigations of parent- and child-level PCIT outcomes. Recently, Gurwitch and Warner-Metzger [ 59 ] proposed an adaptation to PCIT that aims to standardize the approach to addressing childhood trauma within the PCIT model.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Dissemination of Parent–Child Interaction Therapy in West Virginia during the Opioid Epidemic and COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Study

Druskin

Han

Phillips

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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The devastating impact of the opioid crisis on children and families in West Virginia was compounded by the COVID-19 pandemic and brought to light the critical need for greater mental health services and providers in the state. Parent–Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) is an evidence-based treatment for child externalizing symptoms that teaches parents positive and appropriate strategies to manage child behaviors. The current qualitative study details barriers and facilitators to disseminating and implementing PCIT with opioid-impacted families across West Virginia during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therapists (n = 34) who participated in PCIT training and consultation through a State Opioid Response grant were asked to provide data about their experiences with PCIT training, consultation, and implementation. Almost all therapists (91%) reported barriers to telehealth PCIT (e.g., poor internet connection, unpredictability of sessions). Nearly half of therapists’ cases (45%) were impacted directly by parental substance use. Qualitative findings about the impact of telehealth and opioid use on PCIT implementation are presented. The dissemination and implementation of PCIT in a state greatly impacted by poor telehealth capacity and the opioid epidemic differed from the implementation of PCIT training and treatment delivery in other states, highlighting the critical importance of exploring implementation factors in rural settings.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Dissemination of Parent–Child Interaction Therapy in West Virginia during the Opioid Epidemic and COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Study

Druskin

Han

Phillips

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…Because therapy graduation and attrition were not always clearly documented in the notes, this study considered the family to have completed PCIT if they attended three or more PDI sessions. The PCIT protocol (Eyberg & Funderburk, 2011) specifies that the third PDI session can be the last session of treatment because subsequent sessions introduce additional skills that are not needed for some families who have reached graduation criteria (Egan et al, 2020). Although Egan et al (2020) also note that "an arbitrary cutoff is not ideal where progress through the content of the CDI and PDI phases is based on skills mastery rather than number of completed sessions," (p. 4) other studies of child therapy have used the "adequate dose" criterion as an estimate (Silverman et al, 2008).…”

Section: Methods Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The PCIT protocol (Eyberg & Funderburk, 2011) specifies that the third PDI session can be the last session of treatment because subsequent sessions introduce additional skills that are not needed for some families who have reached graduation criteria (Egan et al, 2020). Although Egan et al (2020) also note that "an arbitrary cutoff is not ideal where progress through the content of the CDI and PDI phases is based on skills mastery rather than number of completed sessions," (p. 4) other studies of child therapy have used the "adequate dose" criterion as an estimate (Silverman et al, 2008). Though it may not reflect the true completion rate for the sample, as some families may have continued past PDI Session 3 to reach PDI mastery and ended treatment before reaching other graduation criteria, data from Sessions after PDI-3 was not evaluated.…”

Section: Methods Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative effectiveness of parent–child interaction therapy based on trauma exposure and attrition.

Messer¹,

Eismann²,

Folger³

et al. 2024

Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy

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Objective: To determine whether Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) is as effective at reducing behavior problems for children with a history of trauma and for those who do not complete therapy. Method: Retrospective chart review of patients between 2.5 and 6.5 years of age who participated in PCIT between January 1, 2012, and December 1, 2019, at a child advocacy center within a large Midwestern children's hospital was performed. Demographics, trauma history, and Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory (ECBI) and parenting confidence scores were collected. Changes in child behavior and parenting confidence over time were compared between patients with and without trauma exposure using separate generalized estimating equation models for those who did and did not complete PCIT. Results: Of the 212 PCIT participants, 116 (54.72%) had a trauma history and 96 (45.28%) did not, and 98 (46.23%) completed PCIT and 114 (53.77%) did not. Patient demographics were fairly diverse and representative of the region. Patients with trauma exposure were significantly less likely to complete PCIT (38.79%) than patients without trauma exposure (55.21%). ECBI intensity scores significantly decreased over time among both patients who did and did not complete PCIT. The change in ECBI intensity scores over time did not differ between patients with and without trauma exposure regardless of whether or not they completed PCIT. Parenting confidence significantly improved over time regardless of trauma exposure or attrition. Conclusions: Standard PCIT can be used effectively with children with trauma exposure and results in significant improvement even for those who do not complete therapy. Clinical Impact StatementAlthough Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) has been used with families with trauma histories since its inception, it is frequently overlooked as an effective treatment option to address behavior problems in children who have experienced trauma. This study evaluated whether PCIT was as effective at reducing behavior problems for children with a history of trauma and for those who dropped out of therapy early. Of the 212 patients who participated in PCIT, 55% had a history of trauma and 54% dropped out of therapy early. Behavior significantly improved over time among children who did and did not finish PCIT. Improvement was similar for children with and without trauma exposure.

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“…PCIT has been tested with samples that included large numbers of African American families the findings included a reduction of child physical abuse (Ware et al, 2003), long-term physical abuse (Chaffin et al, 2004), and recidivism in the CWS (Chaffin et al, 2012). Additionally, adaptations of PCIT have been found to be beneficial for substance using families (Egan et al, 2020) and families affected by trauma (Messer et al, 2022).…”

Section: Therapeutic Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

African American children in the child welfare system.

Harden,

Burns,

Watkins-Lewis

2024

Children of Color in the Child Welfare System: Psychological Research and Best Practices.

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A community evaluation of Parent-Child Interaction Therapy for children with prenatal substance exposure

Cited by 7 publications

References 77 publications

The Dissemination of Parent–Child Interaction Therapy in West Virginia during the Opioid Epidemic and COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Study

The Dissemination of Parent–Child Interaction Therapy in West Virginia during the Opioid Epidemic and COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Study

Comparative effectiveness of parent–child interaction therapy based on trauma exposure and attrition.

African American children in the child welfare system.

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