A communications jamming taxonomy

Lichtman, Marc; Poston, Jeffrey D.; Amuru, SaiDhiraj; Shahriar, Chowdhury; Clancy, T. Charles; Buehrer, R. Michael; Reed, Jeffrey H.

doi:10.1109/msp.2016.13

Cited by 87 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The attack methodology on OFDM systems becomes very different since an intelligent spoofer, actually serving as a protocol-aware attacker, can stealthily imitate any behaviors of legitimate nodes except a completely random behavior [26]. Therefore, the common sense of countermeasures is to completely randomize the locations and values of regular pilot tones.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Code-Frequency Block Group Coding for Anti-Spoofing Pilot Authentication in Multi-Antenna OFDM Systems

Ren

Ritcey

et al. 2018

IEEE Trans.Inform.Forensic Secur.

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A pilot spoofer can paralyze the channel estimation in multi-user orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) systems by using the same publicly-known pilot tones as legitimate nodes. This causes the problem of pilot authentication (PA). To solve this, we propose, for a two-user multi-antenna OFDM system, a code-frequency block group (CFBG) coding based PA mechanism. Here multi-user pilot information, after being randomized independently to avoid being spoofed, are converted into activation patterns of subcarrier-block groups on code-frequency domain. Those patterns, though overlapped and interfered mutually in the wireless transmission environment, are qualified to be separated and identified as the original pilots with high accuracy, by exploiting CFBG coding theory and channel characteristic. Particularly, we develop the CFBG code through two steps, i.e., 1) devising an ordered signal detection technique to recognize the number of signals coexisting on each subcarrier block, and encoding each subcarrier block with the detected number; 2) constructing a zero-false-drop (ZFD) code and block detection based (BD) code via k-dimensional Latin hypercubes and integrating those two codes into the CFBG code. This code can bring a desirable pilot separation error probability (SEP), inversely proportional to the number of occupied subcarriers and antennas with a power of k. To apply the code to PA, a scheme of pilot conveying, separation and identification is proposed. Based on this novel PA, a joint channel estimation and identification mechanism is proposed to achieve high-precision channel recovery and simultaneously enhance PA without occupying extra resources. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of our proposed mechanism.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Code-Frequency Block Group Coding for Anti-Spoofing Pilot Authentication in Multi-Antenna OFDM Systems

Ren

Ritcey

et al. 2018

IEEE Trans.Inform.Forensic Secur.

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“…Also the large 9 Some missile rotate after launch to orient their INS and some other navigational instruments, but after a while they will be sterilized and no rotation along its longitude axis will happen distance between the lunch-site of the missile and the spotted targets, makes the small distance between the target and position of GPS jammer to be neglect-able. Due to these consideration, herein, we assume the GPS jammer exactly located in same position as the location of the target but at altitudes which can be higher than target's altitude.…”

Section: Location Of Jammermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The properties of structural composition of missile will eliminate the reception of signal at angles near π. As the Cruise missiles are dirigible platforms, they will not rotate along their longitude axis during the guided flight phase 9 . So the axis of main lobe of the GPS receiver's antenna will always be perpendicular to the flight path, and is upward while the missile flying horizontally.…”

Section: The Gain Of Receiver Antenna and Its Orientationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also some other verity of this system studied, developed and deployed by some privatesector organizations 6 [8], all of them are using triangulation method of navigation. But there were & there are concerns about intentionally or unintentionally jamming of these networks in various levels, from the control & monitoring to the positioning systems and subsystems [9]. Some counterjamming, counter-spoofing and counter-deception methods developed specially for Global Positioning Systems, the American version of GNSS, the GPS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Jamming Efficacy of Variable Altitude GPS Jammer against Airborne GPS Receiver, Theoretical Study and Parametric Simulation

Esmaeilkhah

Lavasani

2018

AEM

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Satellite-based navigation systems, as one of the key infrastructure of development in manned and unmanned guidance systems, is vulnerable against the simplest form of attack in Electronic Warfare environments. This led us to investigate the described vulnerability of an airborne GPS receiver against jammers which are located at various altitude above the targeted point. To do that and to avoid encountering with unavailability of classified information about military-class missiles, some simplification was done and the problem was investigated in "Worst Case" conditions. Finally, the flight profile and radiation pattern of the antenna of the GPS receiver were theoretically modeled. Considering some assumptions, the other parameters were derived from them. At the end, a simulation software was developed and some results were extracted. The data was represented figuratively and the dependency of efficacy of jamming operation to the jammer's altitude and flight profile of the missile were discussed.

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“…For (14) to be a reasonably good estimate 9 , we must have τ F L, which is implied in the underspread channel assumption. Worth noting is that for the diagonal blocks, (14) actually estimates B 0 + I, effectively giving the estimate of G + I. However, for the purpose of finding the dominant eigenvector, estimatingḠ + I orḠ makes no difference since their eigenvectors are identical.…”

Section: B Choosing the Jamming Signalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Jamming a TDD Point-to-Point Link Using Reciprocity-Based MIMO

Karlsson

Björnson

Larsson

2017

IEEE Trans.Inform.Forensic Secur.

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Abstract-We present a method for jamming a time-division duplex link using a transceiver with a large number of antennas. By utilizing beamforming, a jammer with M antennas can degrade the spectral efficiency of the primary link more than conventional omnidirectional jammers under the same power constraint, or perform equally well with approximately 1/M of the output power. The jammer operates without any prior knowledge of channels to the legitimate transmitters, or the legitimate signals by relying on channel reciprocity.

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A communications jamming taxonomy

Cited by 87 publications

References 10 publications

Code-Frequency Block Group Coding for Anti-Spoofing Pilot Authentication in Multi-Antenna OFDM Systems

Code-Frequency Block Group Coding for Anti-Spoofing Pilot Authentication in Multi-Antenna OFDM Systems

Jamming Efficacy of Variable Altitude GPS Jammer against Airborne GPS Receiver, Theoretical Study and Parametric Simulation

Jamming a TDD Point-to-Point Link Using Reciprocity-Based MIMO

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