A common, symptom-based case definition for gastroenteritis

Majowicz, Shannon E.; Hall, Gillian; Scallan, Elaine; Adak, Goutam; Gauci, Charmaine; Jones, Timothy F.; O’Brien, Sarah J.; Henao, Olga; Sockett, Paul

doi:10.1017/s0950268807009375

Cited by 99 publications

(136 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…We used an AGE case definition based on the symptoms reported in the second questionnaire referring to the two weeks prior to stool sampling [7]. An AGE case was defined as a person with ≥3 diarrhoeal discharges and/or any clinically relevant vomiting (in absence of pregnancy) in 24 h during the previous two weeks, excluding those with chronic enteropathies (e.g.…”

Section: Case Definitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential causative agents of acute gastroenteritis in households with preschool children: prevalence, risk factors, clinical relevance and household transmission

Heusinkveld

Mughini‐Gras

Pijnacker

et al. 2016

Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis

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Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) morbidity remains high amongst preschool children, posing a significant societal burden. Empirical data on AGE-causing agents is needed to gauge their clinical relevance and identify agent-specific targets for control. We assessed the prevalence, risk factors and association with symptoms for enteropathogens in households with preschool children. A monthly-repeated cross-sectional survey of enteropathogens in households with preschool children was performed. A parent-child pair per household (n = 907 households) provided faecal samples and reported their symptoms and potential risk exposures. Samples were tested by multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for 19 enteropathogens. Associations were assessed using logistic regression. 28.3 % of children (n = 981) and 15.6 % of parents (n = 971) carried pathogenic bacteria and/or Escherichia coli-associated pathogenicity genes, and 6.5 % and 3.3 % carried viruses, respectively. Giardia lamblia (4.6 % of children, 2.5 % of parents) and Dientamoeba fragilis (36 %, 39 %, respectively) were the main parasites, and were associated with pet exposure. Living in rural areas was associated with carriage of pathogenic E. coli, norovirus I and D. fragilis. Pathogenic E. coli was associated with summertime and livestock exposure. Attending day-care centres increased the risk of carrying norovirus, sapovirus and G. lamblia. Viruses occurred mainly in winter and were associated with AGE symptoms. Child-parent associations were found for bacterial pathogenicity genes, viruses, G. lamblia and D. fragilis. Enteropathogens spread widely in households with preschool children, particularly viruses, which more often cause symptoms. While bacteria predominate during summer and in those exposed to livestock, viruses predominate in wintertime and, like G. lamblia, are widespread amongst day-care centre attendees.

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Section: Case Definitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential causative agents of acute gastroenteritis in households with preschool children: prevalence, risk factors, clinical relevance and household transmission

Heusinkveld

Mughini‐Gras

Pijnacker

et al. 2016

Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis

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“…Our case definition was based on that proposed by International Collaboration on Enteric Disease 'Burden of Illness' Studies [2]. It deviates from this as vomiting was defined as having had at least three episodes.…”

Section: Case Definitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The methodology for community surveys has improved over the years and a common case definition was established to ensure international comparability [1][2][3]. These efforts resulted in cross-sectional studies for estimates for the burden of AGI from various countries [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] and additionally a few population-based cohort studies [19][20][21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute gastrointestinal illness in adults in Germany: a population-based telephone survey

et al. 2013

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SUMMARYPopulation-based estimates of incidence and risk factors for acute gastrointestinal illness (AGI) are important for infectious disease surveillance and healthcare planning. We conducted a nationwide representative cross-sectional telephone survey of 21 262 adults over a 12-month period during 2008-2009 in Germany. Participants were asked if they had either AGI-related diarrhoea or vomiting in a 4-week recall period. We estimated 0·95 episodes/person per year (95% confidence interval 0·90-0·99), corresponding to 64·9 million episodes of AGI annually in adults, which results in 24·5 million outpatient visits, 19·9 million hospital days and 63·2 million days of work lost. We observed an overall declining trend of AGI with increasing age. Diarrhoea was more often reported than vomiting. The mean duration of illness was 3·8 days and did not differ between age groups. Social factors seemed to be weak predictors compared to state of health and health behaviour characteristics. This study allows international comparisons and contributes to the estimation of the global burden of AGI.

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“…A case of AG was defined as having o3 liquid stools or any vomiting in a 24-h period with onset of symptoms within the 4 weeks before the interview, as recommended by the International Collaboration on Enteric Disease 'Burden of Illness ' Studies [2]. When respondents stated that vomiting or diarrhoea was due to non-infectious causes such as chronic gastrointestinal disorders, overeating, excess alcohol consumption, pregnancy, menstruation or medication, the episode was excluded.…”

Section: Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Burden of acute gastroenteritis and healthcare-seeking behaviour in France: a population-based study

et al. 2011

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In France surveillance underestimates the true burden of acute gastroenteritis (AG). We conducted a population-based, retrospective cross-sectional telephone survey between May 2009 and April 2010 in order to obtain more accurate estimates of the incidence and the burden of AG and to describe healthcare-seeking behaviour for AG. Of the 10 080 persons included in the survey, 260 respondents reported 263 episodes of AG. The incidence rate of AG was estimated at 0·33 cases/person-year (95% CI 0·28-0·37). It was highest in children aged <5 years and declined with age. Thirty-three percent (95% CI 27-40) of the AG cases consulted a physician and 76% (95% CI 70-82) used medication. Our results indicate that there are more than 21 million episodes of AG each year in France. These results allow a more accurate interpretation of the data derived from existing AG surveillance systems.

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A common, symptom-based case definition for gastroenteritis

Cited by 99 publications

References 19 publications

Potential causative agents of acute gastroenteritis in households with preschool children: prevalence, risk factors, clinical relevance and household transmission

Potential causative agents of acute gastroenteritis in households with preschool children: prevalence, risk factors, clinical relevance and household transmission

Acute gastrointestinal illness in adults in Germany: a population-based telephone survey

Burden of acute gastroenteritis and healthcare-seeking behaviour in France: a population-based study

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