A common polymorphism in the brain‐derived neurotrophic factor gene (<i>BDNF</i>) modulates human cortical plasticity and the response to rTMS

Cheeran, Binith; Talelli, Penelope; Mori, Francesco; Koch, Giacomo; Suppa, Antonio; Edwards, Mark J.; Houlden, Henry; Bhatia, Kailash P.; Greenwood, Richard; Rothwell, John C.

doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2008.159905

Cited by 615 publications

(537 citation statements)

References 28 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

475

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Similarly, no relationship was seen between synaptic plasticity (as assessed by PAS) and serum BDNF levels in the whole study sample. In terms of BDNF genotype, we did not confirm a prior report that Val/Val homozygotes demonstrated greater MEP amplitude after PAS (Cheeran et al, 2008).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

Neuroplasticity in Depressed Individuals Compared with Healthy Controls

Player

Taylor

Weickert

et al. 2013

Neuropsychopharmacol

105

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Several lines of evidence suggest that neuroplasticity is impaired in depression. This study aimed to compare neuroplasticity in 23 subjects with DSM-IV major depressive episode and 23 age-and gender-matched healthy controls, using an objective test that is independent of subject effort and motivation. Neuroplasticity was assessed in the motor cortex using a brain stimulation paradigm known as paired associative stimulation (PAS), which induces transient changes in motor cortical function. Motor cortical excitability was assessed before and after PAS using single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to induce motor evoked potentials (MEPs) in a hand muscle. After PAS, MEP amplitudes significantly increased in healthy controls compared with depressed subjects (P ¼ 0.002). The functional significance of motor cortical changes was assessed using a motor learning task-a computerized version of the rotor pursuit task. Healthy controls also performed better on motor learning (P ¼ 0.02). BDNF blood levels and genotype were assayed to determine any relationship with motor cortical plasticity. However, PAS results did not correlate with motor learning, nor appear to be related to BDNF measures. The significance of these findings is that it provides one of the first direct demonstrations of reduced neuroplasticity in depressed subjects, using an objective test.

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

Neuroplasticity in Depressed Individuals Compared with Healthy Controls

Player

Taylor

Weickert

et al. 2013

Neuropsychopharmacol

105

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Kleim et al [2006] used a motor training task involving the fingers to show that individuals with val66met had significantly lower training dependent increases in the amplitude of motor evoked potentials and reduced motor map reorganization in cerebral cortex. A recent study also showed that individuals with the met allele had impaired responses to median nerve paired associative stimulation and a probe of cortical plasticity using tDCS and TMS [Cheeran et al, 2008]. This information strengthens the link between the basic science model of neuronal plasticity presented above and clinical plasticity, but there is limited information about this mutation in children or adults with brain injuries.…”

Section: Genetic Influences On Brain Plasticitymentioning

confidence: 95%

Plasticity in the developing brain: Implications for rehabilitation

Johnston

2009

Dev Disabil Res Revs

432

273

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Neuronal plasticity allows the central nervous system to learn skills and remember information, to reorganize neuronal networks in response to environmental stimulation, and to recover from brain and spinal cord injuries. Neuronal plasticity is enhanced in the developing brain and it is usually adaptive and beneficial but can also be maladaptive and responsible for neurological disorders in some situations. Basic mechanisms that are involved in plasticity include neurogenesis, programmed cell death, and activity-dependent synaptic plasticity. Repetitive stimulation of synapses can cause long-term potentiation or long-term depression of neurotransmission. These changes are associated with physical changes in dendritic spines and neuronal circuits. Overproduction of synapses during postnatal development in children contributes to enhanced plasticity by providing an excess of synapses that are pruned during early adolescence. Clinical examples of adaptive neuronal plasticity include reorganization of cortical maps of the fingers in response to practice playing a stringed instrument and constraint-induced movement therapy to improve hemiparesis caused by stroke or cerebral palsy. These forms of plasticity are associated with structural and functional changes in the brain that can be detected with magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, or transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). TMS and other forms of brain stimulation are also being used experimentally to enhance brain plasticity and recovery of function. Plasticity is also influenced by genetic factors such as mutations in brain-derived neuronal growth factor. Understanding brain plasticity provides a basis for developing better therapies to improve outcome from acquired brain injuries. ' 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. Dev Disabil Res Rev 200915:94-101.

show abstract

“…Conversely, the reduction in presynaptic activity induced by the cathodal tDCS (combined with the postsynaptic hyperpolarization) could weaken the synaptic connections (Bindman et al, 1964a;Bindman et al, 1964b;Cheeran et al, 2008).…”

Section: Tdcs-induced Changes In Cortical Excitabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Excitability modulation of the motor system induced by transcranial direct current stimulation: A multimodal approach

2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Anodal and cathodal transcranial direct current stimulations (tDCS) are both established techniques to induce cortical excitability changes. Typically, in the human motor system, such cortical modulations are inferred through changes in the amplitude of the motor evoked potentials (MEPs). However, it is now possible to directly evaluate tDCS-induced changes at the cortical level by recording the transcranial magnetic stimulation evoked potentials (TEPs) using electroencephalography (EEG). The present study investigated the modulation induced by the tDCS on the motor system. The study evaluates changes in the MEPs, in the amplitude and distribution of the TEPs, in resting state oscillatory brain activity and in behavioral performance in a simple manual response task. Both the short-and long-term tDCS effects were investigated by evaluating their time course at~0 and 30 min after tDCS. Anodal tDCS over the left primary motor cortex (M1) induced an enhancement of corticospinal excitability, whereas cathodal stimulation produced a reduction. These changes in excitability were indexed by changes in MEP amplitude. More interestingly, tDCS modulated the cortical reactivity, which is the neuronal activity evoked by TMS, in a polarity-dependent and site-specific manner. Cortical reactivity increased after anodal stimulation over the left M1, whereas it decreased with cathodal stimulation. These effects were partially present also at long term evaluation. No polarity-specific effect was found either on behavioral measures or on oscillatory brain activity. The latter showed a general increase in the power density of low frequency oscillations (theta and alpha) at both stimulation polarities. Our results suggest that tDCS is able to modulate motor cortical reactivity in a polarity-specific manner, inducing a complex pattern of direct and indirect cortical activations or inhibitions of the motor system-related network, which might be related to changes in synaptic efficacy of the motor cortex.

show abstract

A common polymorphism in the brain‐derived neurotrophic factor gene (BDNF) modulates human cortical plasticity and the response to rTMS

Cited by 615 publications

References 28 publications

Neuroplasticity in Depressed Individuals Compared with Healthy Controls

Neuroplasticity in Depressed Individuals Compared with Healthy Controls

Plasticity in the developing brain: Implications for rehabilitation

Excitability modulation of the motor system induced by transcranial direct current stimulation: A multimodal approach

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About