A Commercially Available Thermogenic Dietary Supplement Increases Resting Metabolic Rate in Physically Active Males: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Investigation

Campbell, Bill; Perry, Ross; Horsley, J. Shelton; Aguilar, Danielle; Shimshock, Taylor; Fox, Carl; Vargas, Andrés; Colenso-Semple, Lauren

doi:10.1080/19390211.2018.1494660

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The supplement used in their study had 340 mg of caffeine coming from a proprietary blend of caffeine anhydrous, guarana, yerba mate, and green tea extract, relatively similar to the one used in the present analysis. Finally, most recently, Campbell et al [ 13 ] noted a 9.0%, 11.5%, and 9.7% increase in REE at 60-, 120- and 180-minutes post-ingestion of a thermogenic supplement consisting of caffeine, capsaicinoids, and L-carnitine. As such, the unique combination of active ingredients, concentration of individual ingredients, and potentially the mode of ingestion (capsule versus liquid) may have contributed to the differing effects of these supplements on REE.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, continued research is needed before definitive conclusions can be made regarding the safety of chronic consumption. While prior investigations have indicated that chronic consumption (up to ~1 month) of a multi-ingredient thermogenic supplement has minimal effects on hemodynamic metrics, others have demonstrated acute elevations in BP following ingestion [ 8 , 13–15 , 17 , 23 ]. Hoffman et al [ 8 ] and Campbell et al [ 15 ] both reported significant increases in BP for three hours post-ingestion leading them to suggest that caution may be warranted for individuals with cardiovascular disease before using thermogenic supplements.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Caffeine functions through inhibition of phosphodiesterase and antagonizing adenosine receptors, leading to accumulation of intracellular 3,5-cyclic-adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), which is metabolically excitatory for cells [ 2 ]. However, combining caffeine with other active ingredients such as green tea extract appears to be a more efficacious option for producing a thermogenic effect on REE and fat oxidation over that of caffeine alone [ 2 , 12 , 13 ]. Indeed, previous data indicate that commercially available multi-ingredient thermogenic supplements potentiate increases in REE when ingested acutely and may favorably affect body composition estimates chronically [ 7 , 8 , 12–17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, typical side effects associated with caffeine ingestion are tachycardia, heart palpitations, anxiety, and headaches [ 21 ]. Though some have reported ingestion of caffeine plus other herbal ingredients (such as guarana, green tea extract, yerba mate, and yohimbine) generates increases in HR and systolic BP (SBP), others have demonstrated no detrimental effects of thermogenic supplements on hemodynamic function [ 8 , 12 , 13 , 16 , 22 ]. Nonetheless, a concern associated with thermogenic products is potentially insufficient scientific evidence regarding their safety and efficacy [ 23 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of a ready-to-drink thermogenic beverage on resting energy expenditure, hemodynamic function, and subjective outcomes

Rodriguez

Stratton

Harty

et al. 2023

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

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Background Thermogenic supplements are often consumed by individuals seeking to improve energy levels and reduce body fat. These supplements are sold in powdered or ready-to-drink (RTD) forms and consist of a blend of ingredients such as caffeine, green tea extract, and other botanical compounds. While there is evidence that thermogenic supplements can positively affect resting energy expenditure (REE), the effect varies based on the combination of active ingredients. Additionally, there is some concern that thermogenic supplements may cause unwanted side effects on hemodynamic variables, like heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP). Therefore, further investigation into the efficacy and safety of commercially available products is warranted. Methods Twenty-eight individuals (14 F, 14 M; age: 23.3 ± 3.9 yrs; height: 169.4 ± 8.6 cm; body mass: 73.3 ± 13.1 kg) completed two visits in a randomized, double-blind, crossover fashion. Each visit began with baseline REE, HR, and BP assessments, which were followed by ingestion of an active RTD thermogenic beverage (RTD; OxyShred Ultra Energy) or placebo (PL). Assessments were repeated at the intervals of 35–50- and 85–100-minutes post-ingestion. In addition, subjective outcomes of energy, focus, concentration, alertness, and mood were collected five times throughout each visit. Repeated-measures analysis of variance was performed with condition and time specified as within-subjects factors and sex and resistance training (RT) status as between-subjects factors. Statistical significance was accepted at p < 0.05. Results A significant condition × time interaction was observed for REE ( p < 0.001). Higher REE values were demonstrated at 35–50 min (0.08 ± 0.02 kcal/min; p = 0.001; 5.2% difference) and 85–100 min (0.08 ± 0.02 kcal/min; p = 0.001; 5.5% difference) after RTD ingestion as compared to PL. No significant condition × time interactions were observed for respiratory quotient, HR, or BP. Condition main effects indicated lower HR (3.0 ± 0.9 bpm; p = 0.003), higher SBP (3.5 ± 1.1 mm Hg; p = 0.003) and higher DBP (3.5 ± 0.9 mm Hg; p < 0.001) in RTD as compared to PL, irrespective of time. Condition × time interactions were observed for all subjective outcomes ( p ≤ 0.02). Post hoc tests indicated statistically significant benefits of the RTD over PL for energy, focus, concentration, and alertness, without significant differences for mood after correction for multiple comparisons. Sex and RT status were not involved in interactions for any outcomes, except for a Sex × RT status interaction for energy, indicating higher energy ratings in non-resistance-trained vs. resistance-trained males. Conclusions These data suggest that acute ingesti...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of a ready-to-drink thermogenic beverage on resting energy expenditure, hemodynamic function, and subjective outcomes

Rodriguez

Stratton

Harty

et al. 2023

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

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“…Fat burners, or thermogenics, are increasingly used as nutritional supplements to combat the continuing epidemic of obesity ( Okla et al., 2017 ). Fat burners are a category of nutritional supplements that are claimed to increase the metabolism and promote greater energy expenditure, leading to weight loss ( Jitomir et al., 2008 ; Ratamess et al., 2016 ; Campbell et al., 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Involvement of serotonergic pathways in gastric dysmotility induced by fat burning nutritional supplements in mice

Sousa

Sant'ana

Santos

et al. 2021

Current Research in Pharmacology and Drug Discovery

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Fat burners are a category of nutritional supplements that are claimed to increase the metabolism and promote greater energy expenditure, leading to weight loss. However, little is known about the side effects on gastrointestinal motility. In this study, we evaluated the effect of ingestion with a fat burner named Thermbuterol® (THERM) on the gastric motility and food behavior of mice. THERM compounds were identified using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Mice received variable doses of THERM (10, 50, 100 or 300 mg/kg, p.o.) or NaCl 0.15 M (control). Gastric emptying (GE) was assessed using the phenol red technique. Another set of mice was pretreated with intraperitoneal administration of hexamethonium (HEXA, 10 mg/kg), prazosin (PRAZ, 0.25 mg/kg), propranolol (PROP, 2 mg/kg), parachlorophenylalanine (PCPA, 300 mg/kg) or ondansetron (ONDA, 50 μg/kg) 30 min before THERM treatment for evaluation of GE. We assessed the gastrointestinal responsiveness in vitro as well as THERM's effects on food behavior. Caffeine was the major compound of THERM, identified by NMR. THERM 100 and 300 mg/kg decreased GE compared to the respective controls. Pretreatment with PRAZ or PROP did not prevent gastric dysmotility induced by THERM 100 mg/kg. However, the pretreatment with HEXA, ONDA or PCPA prevented GE delay induced by THERM. In vitro , THERM relaxed contractions in strips of longitudinal gastric fundus and duodenum. THERM also increased food intake, which was prevented by PCPA and ONDA treatments. THERM decreased GE of a liquid and increased food intake in mice, a phenomenon mediated by the autonomic nicotinic receptors and serotoninergic receptor.

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Acute Liver Failure Caused by Use of Fat Burner: A Case Report

Ferreira

Watanabe

Trevizoli

et al. 2020

Transplantation Proceedings

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A Commercially Available Thermogenic Dietary Supplement Increases Resting Metabolic Rate in Physically Active Males: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Investigation

Cited by 6 publications

References 35 publications

Effects of a ready-to-drink thermogenic beverage on resting energy expenditure, hemodynamic function, and subjective outcomes

Effects of a ready-to-drink thermogenic beverage on resting energy expenditure, hemodynamic function, and subjective outcomes

Involvement of serotonergic pathways in gastric dysmotility induced by fat burning nutritional supplements in mice

Acute Liver Failure Caused by Use of Fat Burner: A Case Report

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