A Combined Velocity Field of the Mediterranean Region

Devoti, R.; D’Agostino, N.; Serpelloni, Enrico; Pietrantonio, Grazia; Riguzzi, Federica; Avallone, A.; Cavaliere, A.; Cheloni, D.; Cecere, Gianpaolo; D’Ambrosio, Ciriaco; Franco, Luigi; Selvaggi, G.; Métois, Marianne; Esposito, A.; Sepe, Vincenzo; Galvani, A.; Anzidei, Marco

doi:10.4401/ag-7059

Cited by 133 publications

(125 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Owing to the occurrence of active subduction processes (Carminati & Doglioni, ), the Italian peninsula is characterized by two major mountain chains (the Alps and the Apennines that continue in western Sicily, where the Apennines merge into the Maghrebian chain; Figure a; Dewey et al, ; Malinverno & Ryan, ; Doglioni, ; Doglioni et al, ; Faccenna et al, ; Rosenbaum & Lister, ; Carminati et al, ; Carminati & Doglioni, ). The Southern Alps and the Apennines accretionary prism show active contraction as indicated by deformation of sediments, seismicity (Figure a) and global positioning system data (Devoti et al, and references therein). Unlike Pacific and East Asia subduction zones, where convergence rates are up to 10 cm/year (e.g., Lallemand et al, ); along the Alpine and Apennines subduction zones, convergence rate is much slower and varies between 1 and 3 mm/year (Devoti et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Decollement Depth of Active Thrust Faults in Italy: Implications on Potential Earthquake Magnitude

2019

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Thrust fault ruptures during earthquakes do not often propagate down to the brittle‐ductile transition. Lithological variations control the behavior and depth of regional basal thrusts and decollement planes. Thrust fronts may be discontinuous along strike, limiting the dimension of single coseismic ruptures. These factors control the maximum expected magnitude in one region. This is the case of Italy where the convergence of few millimeter per year in the Apennines accretionary prism and along the retrobelt of the Alps generates compressional earthquakes with moderate to strong magnitudes. Here, using geological and geophysical data, we first compile a map of the undulated active basal thrust decollement for Italy that occurs from 1 to 17‐km depth. Then, we verify the relationship between the length of seismogenic ruptures in thrust faults (Lf) and the maximum depth of thrust faulting (zmax) of related earthquakes and find that their ratio (Lf/zmax) ranges between 2 and 4. Finally, we compute the potential seismogenic volume and estimate the maximum magnitude using an empirical relationship that multiplies the decollement depth and the Lf/zmax ratio. Maximum calculated magnitude is 6.7 ± 0.37 (depending on Lf/zmax and fault dip angle), consistent with the largest magnitude of thrust‐related earthquakes recorded in Italy (6.5–7.0). Lower magnitudes are predicted in the Ionian Seas at the external front of the Apennines where smaller crustal volumes are involved, whereas higher magnitudes are expected in the southern Po Basin, the western Adriatic Sea, Sicily offshore, and the Southern Alps where the decollement is deeper and the brittle volumes are far greater.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Decollement Depth of Active Thrust Faults in Italy: Implications on Potential Earthquake Magnitude

2019

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“…Moreover, on 30 October, a third large event of magnitude M w 6.5 nucleated below the town of Norcia, striking the area between the two preceding events and filling the gap between the previous ruptures. Fault plane solutions for the main events exhibit normal faulting (http://cnt.rm.ingv.tdmt) consistent with the direction of active extension of~3-4 mm/yr in this sector of the Apennines [Petricca et al, 2015;Devoti et al, 2017]. Previous geological studies [Boncio et al, 2004;Galli et al, 2008;Pizzi and Galadini, 2009] have identified several NW-SE trending normal fault systems, which are active in this area, and are often segmented by preexisting tectonic structures inherited from the pre-Quaternary compressional tectonic phases [Pizzi and Galadini, 2009].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geodetic model of the 2016 Central Italy earthquake sequence inferred from InSAR and GPS data

Cheloni

Novellis

Albano

et al. 2017

Geophysical Research Letters

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174

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We investigate a large geodetic data set of interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) and GPS measurements to determine the source parameters for the three main shocks of the 2016 Central Italy earthquake sequence on 24 August and 26 and 30 October (Mw 6.1, 5.9, and 6.5, respectively). Our preferred model is consistent with the activation of four main coseismic asperities belonging to the SW dipping normal fault system associated with the Mount Gorzano‐Mount Vettore‐Mount Bove alignment. Additional slip, equivalent to a Mw ~ 6.1–6.2 earthquake, on a secondary (1) NE dipping antithetic fault and/or (2) on a WNW dipping low‐angle fault in the hanging wall of the main system is required to better reproduce the complex deformation pattern associated with the greatest seismic event (the Mw 6.5 earthquake). The recognition of ancillary faults involved in the sequence suggests a complex interaction in the activated crustal volume between the main normal faults and the secondary structures and a partitioning of strain release.

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“…In Experiment #1 we inverted GPS measurements from Devoti et al (2017) under the assumption that the megathrust is unlocked and creeping steadily, which implies that interseismic coupling is zero, to determine (a) the long-term heave rates of all upper-plate faults comprising the NW dipping data set and (b) the heave rate of the subduction interface. In Experiment #1 we inverted GPS measurements from Devoti et al (2017) under the assumption that the megathrust is unlocked and creeping steadily, which implies that interseismic coupling is zero, to determine (a) the long-term heave rates of all upper-plate faults comprising the NW dipping data set and (b) the heave rate of the subduction interface.…”

Section: Kinematic Modeling: Alternative Scenarios For the Long-term mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We acknowledge Roberto Devoti for providing us with GPS horizontal velocities (published in Devoti et al, 2017). name/oldFTP/NeoKinema/.…”

Section: Acknowledgmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A “Geodetic Gap” in the Calabrian Arc: Evidence for a Locked Subduction Megathrust?

Carafa

Kastelic

Bird

et al. 2018

Geophysical Research Letters

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Subduction of old Ionian seafloor beneath the Calabrian Arc (southern Italy) is the geological process with the greatest mass flux in the central Mediterranean, yet its seismogenic behavior is largely obscured. No unambiguous evidence of subduction‐related earthquakes exists in historical times, and local GPS velocities indicate very low strain rates. Nevertheless, the region hosted some of the deadliest normal‐faulting earthquakes of the entire Mediterranean basin. We show that the low strain rates recorded in southern Calabria can be reconciled with the regional vigorous seismic moment release by assuming high interseismic coupling but low seismic coupling of the subduction interface. The alternative scenario of steadily creeping subduction cannot be ruled out but requires the historical seismicity record to be dismissed as unrepresentative. We refer to the peculiar spatial pattern of short‐term strain rates in southern Calabria as a “geodetic gap” resulting from destructive interference between upper‐plate extension and temporary compression due to locking along the subduction interface. Seismic hazard modelers must understand that within such gaps, the long‐term seismic hazard is greater than that suggested by the low geodetic strain rates.

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A Combined Velocity Field of the Mediterranean Region

Abstract: We present a full 3-D velocity field of the Earth's surface in the Euro

Cited by 133 publications

References 34 publications

The Decollement Depth of Active Thrust Faults in Italy: Implications on Potential Earthquake Magnitude

The Decollement Depth of Active Thrust Faults in Italy: Implications on Potential Earthquake Magnitude

Geodetic model of the 2016 Central Italy earthquake sequence inferred from InSAR and GPS data

A “Geodetic Gap” in the Calabrian Arc: Evidence for a Locked Subduction Megathrust?

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