A combined radiologic and endoscopic approach to removal of occluded double-mushroom biliary endoprosthesis: Technical note

Abstract

A combined radiologic and endoscopic approach to the removal of an occluded double-mushroom biliary endoprosthesis was successfully performed in a patient with terminal pancreatic carcinoma. The present technique is beneficial when there is limited percutaneous and endoscopic access to the biliary system.

Displacement of Endoscopically Placed Plastic Biliary Endoprostheses into the Duodenum with a Simple Transhepatic Technique

“…Several methods have been described for removing plastic stents transhepatically, thus avoiding displacement of the stent into the gut (1)(2)(3)(4), and several reports of stent related bowel perforation have been published (5)(6)(7)(8). Some of the older methods describing removal of percutaneously placed plastic stents (1,2), were made in an attempt to justify percutaneous stent placement years ago, in the face of known early stent occlusion.…”