A colorimetric electronic tongue for point-of-care detection of COVID-19 using salivary metabolites

Mask assistance to colorimetric sniffers for detection of Covid-19 disease using exhaled breath metabolites

“…The participants were selected from 21–80 year old men. 60 COVID-19 patients whose disease was confirmed by a pulmonologist, and the results of their chest x-ray and rRT-PCR tests were positive, were admitted to this study [30] . These patients did not take any medicine before the admission to the hospital.…”

“…The medical document of each individual was collected. The demographic information is summarized in Table S1 [30] .…”

“…Our previous study reported an electronic tongue based on colorimetric method for recognizing of chemical markers in the saliva samples of this patients and healthy population. The device discriminated patients infected by COVID-19 from healthy controls with a accuracy of 84.0% [30] . The present study proposed a sensor which is directly exposed to exhaled breath metabolites using a thin face mask without the need of the external force for transferring the sample to the surface of the sensor.…”

Visual diagnosis of COVID-19 disease based on serum metabolites using a paper-based electronic tongue

“…The patient samples were selected who did not take any medication before the appointment, and the results of their chest imaging and rRT-PCR test had been confirmed by a pulmonologist. The control samples were selected from non-COVID patients [ [28] , [29] , [30] ]. The demographic information is summarized in Table 1 .…”

“…Designing colorimetric sensors to diagnose diseases through metabolites released in biological samples has been one of the goals of our research team in recent years. In the case of COVID 19, we proposed various sensors to detect this disease by analysis of the metabolites of saliva samples [ 28 ], exhaled breath [ 29 ] and urine samples [ 30 ]. In this paper, a new approach is proposed based on designing an optical sensor array with origami configuration, allowing for detection of the COVID-19 disease and discrimination between COVID-19 patients and non-COVID controls by the serum samples.…”