A colonial legacy of HIV/AIDS, NTD, and STI super-syndemics: Eugenicist foreign aid and intertwined health burdens in Nigeria

Social Justice Through Sport and Exercise Studies: A Manifesto

“…Such studies of power/hegemony can be used to critique (as we attempt to do in this essay) prevalent, taken-for-granted, biased and/or simplistic views (what we term ‘myths’) of sport as serving purely positive function in society. Original thought about power, the body, and sport from scholars such as Antonio Gramsci, Michel Foucault, Raymond Williams, John Hargreaves, and Pirkko Markula also ground our monograph (e.g., Foucault, 1969, 1977, 1990; Gramsci, 1947/2011; Hargreaves, 1986; Markula, 2003, 2014; Markula & Pringle, 2006; Williams, 1978). Further, key terms discussed by C.L.…”

“…With few exceptions, clinicians are not trained to understand such social forces, nor are we trained to alter them. (Farmer et al, 2006(Farmer et al, , p.1686 Apart from Williams & Gibson (2017), few have considered the inequality paradox in the context of exercise interventions and instead tend to consider other global health interventions (Kotsila & Saravanan, 2017;Maju et al, 2019;Singer et al, 2017). However, these authors and others from the special issue of Qualitative Research in Sport, Exercise and Health (2018), clearly outline the ways in which exercise interventions provide benefits for some but not all (Williams & Gibson, 2018).…”

“…In this light, we pose the question, what are we providing access to when we focus on providing disabled individuals access to exercise opportunities? Much of exercise promotion contributes to a structure and ideology that disciplines bodies, eschews aging and bodily decay, promotes competition, and emphasizes the economic burden of physically inactive individuals, including inactive individuals with disabilities (Markula, 2003, 2014; Markula & Pringle, 2006). Social justice efforts to increase access only to exercise miss the opportunity to reimagine the varied roles exercise can play.…”

Official development assistance, income per capita and health outcomes in developing countries: Is Africa different?

“…Mix findings characterized the results of the extant literature on the effect of official development assistance and health outcome (Bendavid & Bhattacharya, 2014;Ebeke & Drabo, 2011;Gupta et al, 2018;Kotsadam et al, 2018;Maju et al, 2019;Mallaye & Yogo, 2012;Ndikumana & Pickbourna, 2016;Negeri & Halemariam, 2016;Oryema et al, 2017;Pitt et al, 2018). One strand of the literature reports that aid improves health outcomes, promoting the argument on the effectiveness of aid in promoting development in the recipient country (Chauvet et al, 2008;Ebeke & Drabo, 2011;Mallaye & Yogo, 2012;Masud & Yontcheva, 2005;Negeri & Halemariam, 2016).…”

“…They suggested that increased health aid to Africa significantly explain raise in peaceful societies in SSA. Maju et al (2019) noted that an increase in water and sanitation expenditures occasioned by demand for more and appropriate foreign aid allocation could lead to a reduction in women's exposure to some deadly diseases like HIV/AIDS. Oryema et al (2017) investigated the effect of debt relief on the under-five-mortality rate in SSA and reported that participation in High Indebted Poor Countries Initiative significantly decreases under-5-mortality rate while outright debt cancellation is not statistically significant.…”