A cohort study measuring SARS-CoV-2 seroconversion and serial viral testing in university students

Lee, Christine C.; Segaloff, Hannah E; Cole, Donald R.; Rosenblum, Hannah G.; Morgan, Clint N.; Somers, Tarah; Desamu-Thorpe, Rodel; Foster, Monique A.; Currie, Dustin W.; Ruff, Jeanne; Payne, D. J.; Whyte, Thomas J.; Abedi, Glen R.; Bigouette, John Paul; Kahrs, Juliana; Langolf, Kimberly; Remington, Patrick L.; Sterkel, Alana; Kelly, Patrick; Westergaard, Ryan P.; Bateman, Allen C.; Hsu, Christopher H.; Tate, Jacqueline E.; Kirking, Hannah L.

doi:10.1186/s12879-022-07314-5

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…While the baseline and 6-month seroprevalence values were likely mostly due to natural infection, it is expected that the vaccine rollout played a significant role in the increase in seropositivity at 12 months. While smaller serosurveys have identified significant trends among small populations, these trends may not be applicable in larger populations (35,36). In this study we utilized a large number of samples from the United States and additionally screened for antibodies against a wide number of antigens to allow for identification of trends in seroprevalence for several different antigens to overcome some of the limitations of smaller serosurveys.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence in a Large US population Over a Period of 12 Months

Karkanitsa,

Li,

Valenti

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Due to a combination of asymptomatic or undiagnosed infections, the proportion of the United States population infected with SARS-CoV-2 was unclear from the beginning of the pandemic. We previously established a platform to screen for SARS-CoV-2 positivity across a representative proportion of the US population, from which we reported that almost 17 million Americans were estimated to have had undocumented infections in the Spring of 2020. Since then, vaccine rollout and prevalence of different SARS-CoV-2 variants have further altered seropositivity trends within the United States population. To explore the longitudinal impacts of the pandemic and vaccine responses on seropositivity, we re-enrolled participants from our baseline study in a 6- and 12- month follow-up study to develop a longitudinal antibody profile capable of representing seropositivity within the United States during a critical period just prior to and during the initiation of vaccine rollout. Initial measurements showed that, since July 2020, seropositivity elevated within this population from 4.8% at baseline to 36.2% and 89.3% at 6 and 12 months, respectively. We also evaluated nucleocapsid seropositivity and compared to spike seropositivity to identify trends in infection versus vaccination relative to baseline. These data serve as a window into a critical timeframe within the COVID-19 pandemic response and serve as a resource that could be used in subsequent respiratory illness outbreaks.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence in a Large US population Over a Period of 12 Months

Karkanitsa,

Li,

Valenti

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[1,2] Early serosurveys assessed anti-spike (S) or anti-receptor binding domain (RBD) seropositivity in vaccine-naïve individuals, but this approach cannot disentangle infection-from vaccine-induced seropositivity in vaccinated individuals. Anti-nucleocapsid (N) seroprevalence was initially viewed as a solution to this challenge but is more affected by seroreversion than anti-S or anti-RBD seroprevalence, [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] thus leading to declining or stagnating seroprevalence estimates despite rising case counts. [3,13,14] What is more, emerging evidence suggests that vaccination hinders the sensitivity of conventional anti-N assays.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and use of a method based on the anti-N reactivity of longitudinal samples to better estimate SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in a vaccinated population

Bazin

Rochette

Perreault

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background: Serosurveys have been key to public health decision-making since the beginning of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. However, emerging evidence suggests that vaccination decreases the sensitivity of anti-nucleocapsid (N) serologies, making them less reliable to assess recently-acquired infections. We therefore developed and tested a new approach based on the ratio of the anti-N absorbance of longitudinal samples to overcome this limitation. Methods: Previously vaccinated repeat plasma donors infected between 12/15/2021 and 03/20/2022 were included if they made at least one donation pre-infection (reference sample) and one donation post-infection (test sample). All samples were tested using an in-house anti-N ELISA, the sensitivity of which had been determined prior to the vaccination era. Instead of using the previously determined signal cut-off (conventional approach), seropositivity was determined based on the ratio between the anti-N absorbance of the test and reference samples. The approach was tested in a real-world setting during three cross-sectional serosurveys carried out among plasma donors in Québec (Canada) from 01/17/2022 to 03/18/2022. Results: Using a cut-off ratio of 1.5, this approach had a sensitivity of 95.2% among the 248 previously vaccinated and infected donors compared with 63.3% for the conventional approach. When tested in a real-world setting, the ratio-based approach yielded an adjusted seroprevalence of 27.4% (95% confidence interval [CI]=23.8%-30.9%) at the latest time point considered, compared to 15.1% (95% CI=12.2%-18.0%) for the conventional approach. Conclusions: This article describes a new and highly-sensitive approach that captures a significantly greater proportion of vaccinated individuals with a recent history of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

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Clinical usefulness of testing for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 antibodies

Alexopoulos¹,

Trougakos²,

Dimopoulos³

et al. 2023

European Journal of Internal Medicine

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A cohort study measuring SARS-CoV-2 seroconversion and serial viral testing in university students

Cited by 3 publications

References 39 publications

Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence in a Large US population Over a Period of 12 Months

Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence in a Large US population Over a Period of 12 Months

Development and use of a method based on the anti-N reactivity of longitudinal samples to better estimate SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in a vaccinated population

Clinical usefulness of testing for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 antibodies

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