A Cognitive Stress Reduction Program for Recently Unemployed Managers

Saam, Robert H.; Wodtke, Kenneth H.; Hains, Anthony A.

doi:10.1002/j.2161-0045.1995.tb00527.x

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Because different types of stress management training may have different effects on employment outcomes (Saam, Wodtke, & Hains, 1995;Vinokur & Schul, 1997), we further coded stress management into three categories; inoculation against setbacks during job search (i.e., job seekers learned to anticipate setbacks, then plan alternatives or preventive courses of action aimed to overcome such barriers and setbacks), general mental health promotion (i.e., relaxation, planning pleasant activities, modifying attributional style, and promoting positive thinking), and no stress management training. This hypothesis was not supported, ÔB(1) = 3.00, p > .05, as job search interventions that included managing stress {OR = 2,12,p < .01) were not significantiy different üom job search interventions that did not include the component of managing stress (OR = 3.47, p < .01).…”

Section: Moderating Effects Of Critical Job Search Intervention Compomentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of job search interventions: A meta-analytic review.

Liu¹,

Huang²,

Wang³

2014

Psychological Bulletin

234

163

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The current meta-analytic review examined the effectiveness of job search interventions in facilitating job search success (i.e., obtaining employment). Major theoretical perspectives on job search interventions, including behavioral learning theory, theory of planned behavior, social cognitive theory, and coping theory, were reviewed and integrated to derive a taxonomy of critical job search intervention components. Summarizing the data from 47 experimentally or quasi-experimentally evaluated job search interventions, we found that the odds of obtaining employment were 2.67 times higher for job seekers participating in job search interventions compared to job seekers in the control group, who did not participate in such intervention programs. Our moderator analysis also suggested that job search interventions that contained certain components, including teaching job search skills, improving self-presentation, boosting self-efficacy, encouraging proactivity, promoting goal setting, and enlisting social support, were more effective than interventions that did not include such components. More important, job search interventions effectively promoted employment only when both skill development and motivation enhancement were included. In addition, we found that job search interventions were more effective in helping younger and older (vs. middle-aged) job seekers, short-term (vs. long-term) unemployed job seekers, and job seekers with special needs and conditions (vs. job seekers in general) to find employment. Furthermore, meta-analytic path analysis revealed that increased job search skills, job search self-efficacy, and job search behaviors partially mediated the positive effect of job search interventions on obtaining employment. Theoretical and practical implications and future research directions are discussed.

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Section: Moderating Effects Of Critical Job Search Intervention Compomentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of job search interventions: A meta-analytic review.

Liu¹,

Huang²,

Wang³

2014

Psychological Bulletin

234

163

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In order to assist unemployed job seekers in this difficult process of getting reemployed, many countries offer individual and/or group-based employment counseling. Such counseling is thought to have the potential to lessen the emotional burden of unemployment and promote active job search (Eby & Buch, 1994; Guindon & Smith, 2002) and has been demonstrated to reduce anxiety, distress and depression levels, increase self-efficacy, adaptability and active job search, and positively affect reemployment probability and quality (e.g., Azrin, Flores, & Kaplan, 1975; Caplan, Vinokur, Price, & Van Ryn, 1989; Eden & Aviram, 1993; Koen, Klehe, & Van Vianen, 2013; Saam & Wodtke, 1995; Van Hooft & Noordzij, 2009; Vinokur, Price, & Schul, 1995; Vuori, Price, Mutanen, & Malmberg-Heimonen, 2005; Westaby, 2004). However, although employment counseling can be of help for unemployed job seekers, it is expensive.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Motivating and hindering factors during the reemployment process: The added value of employment counselors’ assessment.

Hooft

2014

Journal of Occupational Health Psychology

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Because unemployment negatively affects people's well-being, it is of crucial importance that unemployed individuals move back to work. The process of getting reemployed, however, is difficult and complex. Therefore, many unemployed job seekers are assisted by employment counselors. The present study focuses on motivating and hindering factors in the reemployment process, examining the added value of the counselors' assessment of job seekers' attitudes, perceptions, and behaviors. The results of a 3-wave study with job seeker self-ratings and counselor-ratings indicated that perceived health problems is the most consistent predictor of job search and reemployment status. The findings further provide some convergent validity evidence for self- and counselor-rated situational-level motivators (i.e., attitude, social pressure, self-efficacy) and job search intensity. Although method effects did not seem to threaten the validity of the prediction of job search intensity and procrastination, employment counselors' assessments of job seekers' job search intensity and procrastination were significantly more strongly related to reemployment success than job seekers' self-ratings. Future research should therefore include other-reports, in addition to job seeker self-reports, to get a more complete view of people's job search behavior. Also reemployment counseling firms may want to use the expert knowledge of their employment counselors more systematically.

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“…Interventions focusing on cognitive refraining of stressful events have improved health and adjustment in student samples (King & Miner, 2000). In an unemployed sample, a cognitive stress reduction intervention decreased negative mood and promoted faster reemployment (Saam, Wodtke, & Hains, 1995).…”

Section: The Programmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of a career transition program on reemployment success in laid-off professionals.

Joseph¹,

Greenberg²

2001

Consulting Psychology Journal: Practice and Research

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This randomized experimental study examined the efficacy of a career transition program relative to a placebo control in promoting reemployment in 52 unemployed business people. The program focused on resolving emotions about the loss, enhancing self-esteem, increasing perceptions of control and competence, and facilitating cognitive restructuring. At 2- and 4-month follow-ups, rates of full-time reemployment were higher for program participants than for controls (2 months: 61.5% vs.11.5%; 4 months: 72% vs. 38.5%). Both groups became more psychologically adjusted to job loss over time; however, the career transition program was more successful at enhancing perceived control over job loss.

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A Cognitive Stress Reduction Program for Recently Unemployed Managers

Cited by 12 publications

References 5 publications

Effectiveness of job search interventions: A meta-analytic review.

Effectiveness of job search interventions: A meta-analytic review.

Motivating and hindering factors during the reemployment process: The added value of employment counselors’ assessment.

The effects of a career transition program on reemployment success in laid-off professionals.

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