A Cognitive Model of Improvisation in Emergency Management

Mendonça, David; Wallace, William A.

doi:10.1109/tsmca.2007.897581

Cited by 135 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Severe accidents often create unexpected conditions and problems that need initiative and innovation [8,55]. Studies on initiative and innovation in the emergency and crisis situations tend to concentrate on official organizations [56][57][58]. Nevertheless, Kendra and Wachtendorf [8,49] by considering the community's innovation and natural disasters mentioned that innovation is a capacity or process that by its virtue, a society performs a new act to encounter crisis, whether it is a potential crisis or the one that has already occurred.…”

Section: Emergency or Immediate Voluntary Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Volunteer Citizens in Response to Accidents and Disasters

Aminizade

Moghaddam

Jam

et al. 2017

HDQ

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Background: Many organizations, especially at the time of accidents, disasters, and critical conditions, cannot provide their services without the presence of volunteers. When accidents and disasters occur, the first persons who normally appear at the scene are citizens. Volunteer citizens with the skills and local knowledge can play important roles when accidents and disasters occur and can provide valuable assistance to the relief forces. The current article aimed at examining the role of volunteer citizens in response to accidents and disasters. Materials and Methods:The current study examined the published articles from 2000 to 2016 based on the following keywords: informal volunteers in the disasters, challenges facing volunteer citizens in accidents and disasters, informal volunteers and disasters in local and foreign electronic databases including SID, Magiran, Iran Medex, ISC, Google Scholar, PubMed, ISI, and Scopus.Results: Based on the search strategy, 50 articles were examined and the keywords, definitions, volunteer roles, role of volunteers in accidents and disasters, various types of informal voluntary activities, and volunteer citizens' participation were examined. Conclusion:Studies referred to the roles, definitions, and challenges that informal volunteers face in various stages of accidents and disasters and the obvious point in the research was that more adaptive and comprehensive crisis and emergency management models are needed to utilize the capacities and flexibility of volunteers available within and between communities in disasters, and the network structure management can be helpful to manage the volunteers.

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Section: Emergency or Immediate Voluntary Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Volunteer Citizens in Response to Accidents and Disasters

Aminizade

Moghaddam

Jam

et al. 2017

HDQ

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“…This suggests that while individualist task resolution capability is increased with (and dependent upon) increasing resource availability (translated as higher CT values), the effectiveness of egalitarian organisations is not contingent upon available resources. Instead, egalitarian organisations depend upon high (GROUP) solidarity and improvisation capabilities (i.e., low GRID and high GROUP), as discussed by Mendonça and Wallace (2007).…”

Section: University Students Performing Volunteer Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

The dynamics of organisational response: simulating cultural change

Beech¹,

Dowty²,

Wallace³

2012

IJCLM

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Abstract:The goal of this research is to develop a computer simulation that determines the point at which an organisation's culture will change when responding to disaster situations. Different organisations' cultural biases shape how they resolve accumulated response tasks and deal with the disruptions of novel tasks. Called Organizational Response Culture in Disaster Simulation (ORCiDS), the simulation is applied to four organisations, each with a different cultural bias at the outset of the disaster, to Hurricane Katrina in Louisiana. The data demonstrates how cultural biases lead to different outcomes for organisations that face similar circumstances but have very different cultural lenses for interpreting those circumstances. The importance of this research is to model organisational stability and instability to better enable managers and administrators to circumvent pitfalls associated with poor organisational response. The ultimate goal of this ongoing research is to be able predict the point at which an organisation's culture will change in times of crisis.

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“…Improvisation is a "continuous and serial process" [15,16] as opposed to one that is "discontinuous and involving iteration," such as music composition [28]. This suggests that there are specific cognitive processes that are employed during improvisation that are either a) different from those used during non-improvisational acts or b) are used with different constraints than those used during non-improvisational acts.…”

Section: Improvisation Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, game conventions are means by which improvisers make decisions, but they may not transfer well to unfamiliar performance environments or with new scene partners. As others have mentioned [16,22,29], this kind of background knowledge provides material for variation, allows for a palette of preperformance structures to be created by performers, and reduces the need for complex communication cues between performers. When one improviser begins to use a game convention that is known by the others, they immediately know what he or she is trying to accomplish and what kinds of responses are appropriate.…”

Section: Game Conventionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research on the formal study of cognition and creativity has covered diverse creative domains like music performance [22,24,25], painting and dance as well as traditionally non-artistic domains like scientific discovery [3] and business management [16]. This work has included investigations into the cognitive processes that are applied during human creative acts [12,24,25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

An empirical study of cognition and theatrical improvisation

Magerko

Manzoul

Riedl

et al. 2009

Proceedings of the Seventh ACM Conference on Creativity and Cognition

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This paper presents preliminary findings from our empirical study of the cognition employed by performers in improvisational theatre. Our study has been conducted in a laboratory setting with local improvisers. Participants performed predesigned improv "games", which were videotaped and shown to each individual participant for a retrospective protocol collection. The participants were then shown the video again as a group to elicit data on group dynamics, misunderstandings, etc. This paper presents our initial findings that we have built based on our initial analysis of the data and highlights details of interest.

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A Cognitive Model of Improvisation in Emergency Management

Cited by 135 publications

References 64 publications

The Role of Volunteer Citizens in Response to Accidents and Disasters

The Role of Volunteer Citizens in Response to Accidents and Disasters

The dynamics of organisational response: simulating cultural change

An empirical study of cognition and theatrical improvisation

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