A cognitive model of binge drinking: The influence of alcohol expectancies and drinking refusal self-efficacy

Alcohol consumption and reproductive health risks in rural Central Kenya

“…1 The increasingly use of illicit drugs among alcohol consumers or as additives in second-generation alcohol was reported in the study. This finding is in line with research that has shown a relationship between alcohol and other substance abuse [28]. Other drugs are used widely in Kenya including khat (miraa), plant twigs chewed to release stimulants that contain Cathinone and Cathine, chemicals that alter the user's mood.…”

Young men's ambivalence toward alcohol

“…Fishbein & Ajzen, 1972;Edwards, 1954), outcome expectancies and motives are important correlates of drinking behaviour. Outcome expectancies (see Table 1) distinguish between drinkers and abstainers (Leigh & Stacy, 2004), and are significantly related to drinkers' patterns of alcohol consumption (Bot, Engels & Knibbe, 2005;Dijkstra, Sweeney & Gebhardt, 2001;Farber, Khavari & Douglass, 1980;Hittner, 1997;Lee, Greely & Oei, 1999;Leigh & Stacy, 2004;Migneault, Pallonen & Velicer, 1997;Oei & Morawska, 2004;Stritzke & Butt, 2001;Williams & Clark, 1998). Table 1 Expectancies and motives share common variance: motives may mediate the link between expectancies and behaviour (Abbey, Smith & Scott, 1993;Read, Wood, Kahler, Maddock & Palfai, 2003;Williams & Clark, 1998).…”

Expectativas de resultados frente ao uso de álcool, maconha e tabaco

“…According to Oei & Morawska, 20 the theory of alcohol positive expectancy spawns from the theory of social learning, which presumes that cognitive activities, such as anticipation, expectancy and memory about the history of alcohol use, shape and may determine the dependent behavior. 21 Another theory presupposes that behaviors and expectancies by young alcohol dependents are mainly determined by social influences of culture, family, and partners.…”

“…15 Although Bandura 3 proposed the distinction between outcome expectancy and selfefficacy expectancy more than two decades ago, most researches have focused only on outcome expectancies, which indicates these are the most important predictors of alcohol consumption. 20,22,23 The effect of expectancies on drinking behavior is based on the information about alcohol and its effects, acquired during childhood and adolescence and stored in the long-term memory, in the shape of a semantic network. 10 Once these expectancies are established, they guide the behavior when exposed to alcohol, so that an individual may produce the predicted effects when alcohol is used.…”