A Cockpit Display Designed to Enable Limited Flight Deck Separation Responsibility

Johnson, Walter W.; Battiste, Vernol; Bochow, Sheila Holland

doi:10.4271/1999-01-5567

Cited by 64 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The context for our evaluation of these four factors is the cockpit display of traffic information (CDTI), a system proposed within future cockpits to provide pilots with a traffic display that is partially redundant with the air traffic controller's display and may, in some future airspace plans, allow pilots to monitor their course for conflicts and to initiate the choice to make route changes (Johnson, Battiste, & Bochow, 1999;Thomas & Wickens, 2005;Wickens, Helleberg, & Xu, 2002;Wickens, Goh, Helleberg, Horrey, & Talleur, 2003). Indeed, it has been proposed that such systems be coupled with discrete alerts (Thomas & Rantanen, 2006;Xu et al, 2007), paralleling similar alerting systems for air traffic control (Metzger & Parasuraman, 2005) and for more emergency airborne conflicts (the Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance System [TCAS]).…”

Section: Dual-task Performance Consequences Of Imperfect Alerting Assmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual-Task Performance Consequences of Imperfect Alerting Associated With a Cockpit Display of Traffic Information

Wickens

Colcombe

2007

Hum Factors

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Objective: Performance consequences related to integrating an imperfect alert within a complex task domain were examined in two experiments. Background: Cockpit displays of traffic information (CDTIs) are being designed for use in airplane cockpits as responsibility for safe separation becomes shared between pilots and controllers. Of interest in this work is how characteristics of the alarm system such as threshold, modality, and number of alert levels impact concurrent task (flight control) performance and response to potential conflicts. Methods: Student pilots performed a tracking task analogous to flight control while simultaneously monitoring for air traffic conflicts with the aid of a CDTI alert as the threshold, modality, and level of alert was varied. Results: As the alerting system became more prone to false alerts, pilot compliance decreased and concurrent performance improved. There was some evidence of auditory preemption with auditory alerts as the false alarm rate increased. Finally, there was no benefit to a three-level system over a two-level system. Conclusion: There is justification for increased false alarm rates, as miss-prone systems appear to be costly. The 4:1 false alarm to miss ratio employed here improved accuracy and concurrent task performance. More research needs to address the potential benefits of likelihood alerting. Application: The issues addressed in this research can be applied to any imperfect alerting system such as in aviation, driving, or air traffic control. It is crucial to understand the performance consequences of new technology and the efficacy of potential mitigating design features within the specific context desired.

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Section: Dual-task Performance Consequences Of Imperfect Alerting Assmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual-Task Performance Consequences of Imperfect Alerting Associated With a Cockpit Display of Traffic Information

Wickens

Colcombe

2007

Hum Factors

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“…They typically rely upon alternative display devices and tangible interaction devices. For example, flight simulators such as the Boeing 777 Cockpit Simulator, developed by NASA Ames' Flight Deck Display Research Laboratory (W. Johnson and Battiste 2006), have been used for decades to safely train pilots in a manner that approximates real-world flight conditions. The MEDIATE environment was designed to foster a sense of agency and a capacity for creative expression in people on the autistic spectrum (EU Community Report 2004; Pares et al 2004;Pares et al 2005).…”

Section: Interactive Technologies For Collaborative Learningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Earth science learning in SMALLab: A design experiment for mixed reality

Birchfield

Megowan-Romanowicz

2009

Computer Supported Learning

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Conversational technologies such as email, chat rooms, and blogs have made the transition from novel communication technologies to powerful tools for learning. Currently virtual worlds are undergoing the same transition. We argue that the next wave of innovation is at the level of the computer interface, and that mixed-reality environments offer important advantages over prior technologies. Thus, mixed reality is positioned to have a broad impact on the future of K-12 collaborative learning. We propose three design imperatives that arise from our ongoing work in this area grounded in research from the learning sciences and human-computer interaction. By way of example, we present one such platform, the Situated Multimedia Arts Learning Lab [SMALLab]. SMALLab is a mixed-reality environment that affords face-to-face interaction by colocated participants within a mediated space. We present a recent design experiment that involved the development of a new SMALLab learning scenario and a collaborative student participation framework for a 3-day intervention for 72 high school earth science students. We analyzed student and teacher exchanges from classroom sessions both during the intervention and during regular classroom instruction and found significant increases in the number of student-driven exchanges within SMALLab. We also found that students made significant achievement gains. We conclude that mixed reality can have a positive impact on collaborative learning and that it is poised for broad dissemination into mainstream K-12 contexts.

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“…The ongoing work on Tailored Arrivals 21 is an important initial step into this direction by implementing trajectory exchange between the airborne FMS and the ground-based automation in the near term in a low density environment. In order to implement trajectory management effectively in high density airspace, controller and flight deck tools need to be well designed and integrated into their respective operator stations 20,22 .…”

Section: American Institute Of Aeronautics and Astronauticsmentioning

confidence: 99%