A coating-free superhydrophobic sensing material for full-range human motion and microliter droplet impact detection

Jia, Shanshan; Deng, Songlin; Qing, Yan; He, Guanjie; Deng, Xunhe; Luo, Sha; Guo, Jian; Carmalt, Claire J.; Lu, Yao; Parkin, Ivan P.

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2021.128418

Cited by 30 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…The development of flexible and stretchable strain sensors as soft electronics has attracted a great deal of attention due to their promising applications such as in health care monitoring/diagnostic devices, , electronic skins, − and soft robotics. , Compared with traditional rigid conductors (e.g., metals and alloys) with limited stretchability (typically ∼5%), conductive elastomers with superior flexibility, ease of processing, and various choices of the polymer matrix are more desirable for the preparation of stretchable strain sensors . Recently, conductive composite elastomers by incorporating conductive nanofillers into elastic polymer matrixes have been widely reported. − Due to its outstanding elasticity and chemical stability, poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) is considered an ideal flexible matrix for stretchable strain sensors .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inherently Conductive Poly(dimethylsiloxane) Elastomers Synergistically Mediated by Nanocellulose/Carbon Nanotube Nanohybrids toward Highly Sensitive, Stretchable, and Durable Strain Sensors

Zhu

Sun

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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With the rapid development of soft electronics, flexible and stretchable strain sensors are highly desirable. However, coupling of high sensitivity and stretchability in a single strain sensor remains a challenge. Herein, a kind of conductive elastomer is constructed with poly-(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) and silylated cellulose nanocrystal (SCNC)/ carbon nanotube (CNT) nanohybrids through a facile one-pot solutioncasting method. The hydrophobic SCNCs can effectively facilitate the dispersion of CNTs in PDMS and synergistically improve the interfacial compatibility between CNTs and the PDMS matrix, resulting in favorable stress and electron transfer in the polymer network. Due to the outstanding electrical conductivity of CNTs and the excellent dispersity and high mechanical performance of SCNCs, combined with the good compatibility between SCNC-mediated carbon nanotubes (SCNC-CNTs) and PDMS, the resulting composite elastomer (SCNC-CNT/PDMS) shows high electrical conductivity (∼2.77 S m −1 ), tensile strength (∼5.72 MPa), and fatigue resistance properties. The strain sensor assembled by SCNC-CNT/PDMS demonstrates a high strain range above 100%, appealing strain sensitivity with a gauge factor of 37.11 at 50−100% strain, and long-term stability and durability, which is capable of monitoring both real-time human motions and acoustic vibrations. This work paves a new way for the design and controllable preparation of flexible and stretchable conductive elastomers, demonstrating promising applications in wearable devices and intelligent electronics.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inherently Conductive Poly(dimethylsiloxane) Elastomers Synergistically Mediated by Nanocellulose/Carbon Nanotube Nanohybrids toward Highly Sensitive, Stretchable, and Durable Strain Sensors

Zhu

Sun

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…The GF was calculated to be 5.12 when strain is between 0% and 60%, which can meet the requirements of strain sensors. [ 30‐33 ] When the sample was compressed from 0% to –50%, the relationship between Δ R / R 0 and strain is still approximately linear (Figure 6b).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

A Superhydrophobic Hydrogel for Self‐Healing and Robust Strain Sensor with Liquid Impalement Resistance

et al. 2021

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Main observation and conclusion The superhydrophobic strain sensor is a fantastic direction, which could protect the strain sensor in harsh environment. Nevertheless, the self‐healing superhydrophobic strain sensor has not been reported. In this research, we developed a superhydrophobic strain sensor, which demonstrated excellent self‐healing, mechanical robustness, and liquid impalement resistance simultaneously. The key innovation is to partially embed hydrophobic graphene and carbon nanotubes into the hydrogel matrix. The hodrogel substrate endows the sample with self‐healing property. The graphene, carbon nanotubes and hydrogel together lead to an accurate and real‐time monitoring of human motion. Furthermore, the prepared sample demonstrated super‐robust superhydrophobicity, which retained superhydrophobicity after many kinds of damage (such as 1000% stretch, 10000 stretching‐releasing cycles, hand‐rub, tape‐peeling, and high‐speed drop/jet impact).

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“…As the superhydrophobic encapsulation inevitably changes the mechanical and thermal properties of the wearable sensor to affect its sensitivity, [121,122,127,128] it is highly desirable to explore the intrinsically superhydrophobic sensors. [75,85,117,129] For example, the composite of stretchable thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) and conductive multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) treated with ethanol provides the resulting strain sensor with enhanced mechanical stability and robust superhydrophobicity (Figure 3f). [75] The spray-coated ultrathin sensor (1 µm) can easily integrate onto the latex glove for full-range and real-time detection of finger motions, with resistance against water and corrosive (acidic or alkaline) environments.…”

Section: Waterproofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Wettability for Skin‐Interfaced Sensors and Devices

Wang

Liu

Cheng

et al. 2022

Adv Funct Materials

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The practical applications of skin-interfaced sensors and devices in daily life hinge on the rational design of surface wettability to maintain device integrity and achieve improved sensing performance under complex hydrated conditions. Various bioinspired strategies have been implemented to engineer desired surface wettability for varying hydrated conditions. Although the bodily fluids can negatively affect the device performance, they also provide a rich reservoir of health-relevant information and sustained energy for next-generation stretchable self-powered devices. As a result, the design and manipulation of the surface wettability are critical to effectively control the liquid behavior on the device surface for enhanced performance. The sensors and devices with engineered surface wettability can collect and analyze health biomarkers while being minimally affected by bodily fluids or ambient humid environments. The energy harvesters also benefit from surface wettability design to achieve enhanced performance for powering on-body electronics. This review first summarizes the commonly used approaches to tune the surface wettability for target applications toward skin-interfaced sensors and devices. By considering the existing challenges, one also discusses the opportunities as a small fraction of potential future developments, which can lead to a new class of skin-interfaced devices for use in digital health and personalized medicine.

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A coating-free superhydrophobic sensing material for full-range human motion and microliter droplet impact detection

Cited by 30 publications

References 61 publications

Inherently Conductive Poly(dimethylsiloxane) Elastomers Synergistically Mediated by Nanocellulose/Carbon Nanotube Nanohybrids toward Highly Sensitive, Stretchable, and Durable Strain Sensors

Inherently Conductive Poly(dimethylsiloxane) Elastomers Synergistically Mediated by Nanocellulose/Carbon Nanotube Nanohybrids toward Highly Sensitive, Stretchable, and Durable Strain Sensors

A Superhydrophobic Hydrogel for Self‐Healing and Robust Strain Sensor with Liquid Impalement Resistance

Surface Wettability for Skin‐Interfaced Sensors and Devices

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