A CMOS-integrated microinstrument for trace detection of heavy metals

Martin, Steven M.; Gebara, F.H.; Larivee, B.J.; Brown, Richard B.

doi:10.1109/jssc.2005.858478

Cited by 39 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Based on sensor response characterization, a 125 mV DC stair step stimulus is generated to get reduction/oxidation between the Reference Electrode (RE) and the selected Working Electrode (WE), sweeping from -125 to 870 mV differential signal with respect to a reference electrode (RE) absolute potential of 1 V. However, the approach with DC constant voltage causes only oxidation of electrochemical gases to detect chemical reactions more rapidly. The potentiostat enforces a controlled potential at an electrode to produce the desired perturbation for measuring and recording current versus time response [48]. In Fig.…”

Section: Amperometric Sensor Afe: System Implementationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electronic-nose for detecting environmental pollutants: signal processing and analog front-end design

Kim

Konnanath

Sattigeri

et al. 2011

Analog Integr Circ Sig Process

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Environmental monitoring relies on compact, portable sensor systems capable of detecting pollutants in real-time. An integrated chemical sensor array system is developed for detection and identification of environmental pollutants in diesel and gasoline exhaust fumes. The system consists of a low noise floor analog front-end (AFE) followed by a signal processing stage. In this paper, we present techniques to detect, digitize, denoise and classify a certain set of analytes. The proposed AFE reads out the output of eight conductometric sensors and eight amperometric electrochemical sensors and achieves 91 dB SNR at 23.4 mW quiescent power consumption for all channels. We demonstrate signal denoising using a discrete wavelet transform based technique. Appropriate features are extracted from sensor data, and pattern classification methods are used to identify the analytes. Several existing pattern classification algorithms are used for analyte detection and the comparative results are presented.

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Section: Amperometric Sensor Afe: System Implementationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electronic-nose for detecting environmental pollutants: signal processing and analog front-end design

Kim

Konnanath

Sattigeri

et al. 2011

Analog Integr Circ Sig Process

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“…The target in this AFE design is to be able to detect chemical sensing signals using either amperometric sensors as planar electrodes or platinum microelectrodes. These amperometric sensor structures can detect quanta release of oxidization transmitters, such as the catecholamines, epinephrine and norepinephrine [42], using a carbon fiber or a platinum microelectrode that is positioned close to the cell surface and held at a potential that is sufficiently high enough to oxidize the released molecules. Upon release from a vesicle, the catecholamine molecules that diffuse to the surface of the electrode are rapidly oxidized, resulting in the transfer of two electrons to the [43].…”

Section: Specifications For Amperometric Sensormentioning

confidence: 99%

CMOS Analog Front-End IC for Gas Sensors

Kim

Bakkaloglu²

2011

Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT)

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This thesis presents a gas sensor readout IC for amperometric and conductometric electrochemical sensors. The Analog Front-End (AFE) readout circuit enables tracking long term exposure to hazardous gas fumes in diesel and gasoline equipments, which may be correlated to diseases. Thus, the detection and discrimination of gases using microelectronic gas sensor system is required. This thesis describes the research, development, implementation and test of a small and portable based prototype platform for chemical gas sensors to enable a low-power and low noise gas detection system. The AFE reads out the outputs of eight conductometric sensor array and eight amperometric sensor arrays. The IC consists of a low noise potentiostat, and associated 9bit current-steering DAC for sensor stimulus, followed by the first order nested chopped Σ∆ ADC. The conductometric sensor uses a current driven approach for extracting conductance of the sensor depending on gas concentration. The amperometric sensor uses a potentiostat to apply constant voltage to the sensors and an I/V converter to measure current out of the sensor. The core area for the AFE is 2.65x0.95 mm 2 .The proposed system achieves 91 dB SNR at 1.32 mW quiescent power consumption per channel. With digital offset storage and nested chopping, the readout chain achieves 500 µV input referred offset.iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

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“…The architecture of the ideal biopotentiostat amplifier [23][24][25], using the described electrochemical model, is depicted in Fig.1.…”

Section: Electrochemical Sensors and The Potentiostat Amplifier Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

A low power CMOS biopotentiostat in a low-voltage 0.13 µm digital technology

Colomer

Miribel-Català

Saiz-Vela

et al. 2009

2009 52nd IEEE International Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems

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A biopotentiostat amplifier, for in-vivo applications, has been designed using a low-voltage lowpower technology of 0.13μm@1.2V. The purpose of the designed bio-amplifier is oriented to sense the capacitive variations of electrochemical biosensor experiments at low frequencies. The designed amplifier seeks to function with a very small power consumption and occupies a very small area, compared with other designs, looking for an in-vivo application. It occupies an area of 327μm x 260μm, and has an average power consumption of 51.2 μW. The performance of the bio-amplifier has been simulated and experimentally validated.

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A CMOS-integrated microinstrument for trace detection of heavy metals

Cited by 39 publications

References 24 publications

Electronic-nose for detecting environmental pollutants: signal processing and analog front-end design

Electronic-nose for detecting environmental pollutants: signal processing and analog front-end design

CMOS Analog Front-End IC for Gas Sensors

A low power CMOS biopotentiostat in a low-voltage 0.13 µm digital technology

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A CMOS-integrated microinstrument for trace detection of heavy metals

Cited by 39 publications

References 24 publications

Electronic-nose for detecting environmental pollutants: signal processing and analog front-end design

Electronic-nose for detecting environmental pollutants: signal processing and analog front-end design

CMOS Analog Front-End IC for Gas Sensors

A low power CMOS biopotentiostat in a low-voltage 0.13 &#x00B5;m digital technology

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Product

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A low power CMOS biopotentiostat in a low-voltage 0.13 µm digital technology