A cluster of vulvar cancer and vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia in young Australian Indigenous women

Condon, John R.; Rumbold, Alice; Thorn, Jane; O’Brien, Margaret; Davy, Margaret J.; Zardawi, Ibrahim M.

doi:10.1007/s10552-008-9218-6

Cited by 18 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…19 The relatively high incidence of vulva cancer in remote areas is probably not a national issue, but due to an epidemic of this otherwise very rare cancer in young women in Arnhem Land. 20 When the NT was excluded from the analysis, there was no excess of vulva cancer in younger Indigenous women. Improvement in the accuracy of Indigenous status data is required not only in the four low-identification registries, but also in the four high-identification registries to a lesser extent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating cancer incidence in Indigenous Australians

Zhang

Condon

Rumbold

et al. 2011

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health

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Objective: To assess data quality of cancer registrations for Indigenous Australians and produce reliable national Indigenous cancer incidence statistics. Methods:Completeness of Indigenous identification was assessed for the eight Australian cancer registries using an innovative indirect assessment method based on registry-specific registration rates for smoking-related cancers. National age-standardised incidence rates and rate ratios (Indigenous:non-Indigenous) were calculated for all cancers combined and 26 individual cancer sites. Multivariate regression analysis was used to investigate trends in Indigenous cancer incidence by time or remoteness of residence, and whether the incidence rate ratio (Indigenous:non-Indigenous) was different in younger than older age-groups.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating cancer incidence in Indigenous Australians

Zhang

Condon

Rumbold

et al. 2011

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health

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“…A recent analysis of vulvar cancer cases diagnosed in the Northern Territory found that the age adjusted incidence of vulvar cancer among Indigenous women aged 0 to 49 years living in remote communities in the East Arnhem district on the north coast of the Northern Territory was 31.1 per 100 000 (95% CI: 13.1-49.1), over 50 times higher than the national Australian rate for the same age group. 34 Possible causes for this high incidence are unclear, but possibilities include a very high prevalence of oncogenic HPV genotypes, presence of a highly virulent variant of an oncogenic HPV genotype, genetic susceptibility to another cause of vulvar cancer, high prevalence of immunosuppressive conditions such as diabetes or HIV, a very high prevalence of smoking; or a combination of these factors. 34 …”

Section: Vulval Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…34 Possible causes for this high incidence are unclear, but possibilities include a very high prevalence of oncogenic HPV genotypes, presence of a highly virulent variant of an oncogenic HPV genotype, genetic susceptibility to another cause of vulvar cancer, high prevalence of immunosuppressive conditions such as diabetes or HIV, a very high prevalence of smoking; or a combination of these factors. 34 …”

Section: Vulval Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancers attributable to human papillomavirus infection

et al. 2010

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Abstract. Although the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine was introduced primarily as a cervical cancer prevention vaccine, HPV has a causal role in several types of cancer. This article reviews the epidemiological evidence for the role of HPV in human cancer, and describes Australian trends in these cancers. HPV is a necessary cause of cervical cancer. The currently vaccine-preventable subtypes of HPV 16 and 18 are responsible for~70% of cervical cancer. The introduction of an organised Pap smear program in Australia led to a steep decline in incidence over the past decades. HPV can be detected in~40% and 70% of vulval and vaginal cancers respectively. Rates of these cancers have been stable over the past 20 years. The prevalence of HPV in penile cancer is~50% and incidence has not recently changed. For anal cancer,~85% of cases are HPV positive, and incidence has increased significantly in both men and women over the past 20 years. In the oral cavity,~35% of oropharyngeal cancers and~25% of other oral cavity cancers are HPV positive. The incidence of HPV-related oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers is increasing, whereas incidence at HPV-unrelated sites is decreasing. Overall, 1154 HPV-related cancer cases were potentially preventable by vaccination. If HPV-related cancers at non-cervical sites are prevented by vaccination, then a similar number of cancer cases will be prevented as in the cervix. However, almost one-quarter of the potentially preventable cancer cases are in men, who are not included in the current national immunisation program.

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“…With regards to the topic of this article, research conducted by Condon et al (2009) found that the ageadjusted incidence rate for vulvar cancer for the Indigenous women in East Arnhem Land ages 0-49 is 31.1 per 100,000, more than 50 times higher than the national Australian average for the same age group. Research findings from the qualitative study discussed in the present article indicate that there is acute psychosocial distress associated with vulvar cancer for the Indigenous women in East Arnhem Land affected by this condition Rawson 2013a, 2013b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The findings are from a major study funded by the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia (NHMRC) (Condon et al 2011(Condon et al -2012) that incorporated two projects, one focusing on the psychosocial and the other on the genetic factors associated with a vulvar cancer cluster (Condon et al 2009) of Indigenous women in East Arnhem Land. Specifically, the bioethical issues presented in this article come from the qualitative research component of the psychosocial study that explored community beliefs about possible causation of the cluster and aspects of the cancer experience for the women affected.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis and Treatment for Vulvar Cancer for Indigenous Women From East Arnhem Land, Northern Territory: Bioethical Reflections

2014

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This paper explores the bioethical issues associated with the diagnosis and treatment of vulvar cancer for Indigenous women in East Arnhem Land, Northern Territory, Australia. Based on a qualitative study of a vulvar cancer cluster of Indigenous women, the article highlights four main topics of bioethical concern drawn from the findings: informed consent, removal of body parts, pain management, and issues at the interface of Indigenous and Western health care. The article seeks to make a contribution towards Indigenous health and bioethics and bring to light areas of further research.

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A cluster of vulvar cancer and vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia in young Australian Indigenous women

Abstract: These data provide evidence of a geographic cluster of vulvar cancer in remote Indigenous communities in northern Australia.

Cited by 18 publications

References 23 publications

Estimating cancer incidence in Indigenous Australians

Estimating cancer incidence in Indigenous Australians

Cancers attributable to human papillomavirus infection

Diagnosis and Treatment for Vulvar Cancer for Indigenous Women From East Arnhem Land, Northern Territory: Bioethical Reflections

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