A Closer Look on the User Centred Design

Chammas, Adriana; Quaresma, Manuela; Mont’Alvão, Cláudia

doi:10.1016/j.promfg.2015.07.656

Cited by 80 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The lack of personalization and adaptation to user needs might impede the effective engagement and successful implementation of such technologies in the long run, thus damaging both interested parties. There are already different approaches geared towards integrating users into design processes [77,78]. Such initiatives could facilitate access to a more personalized technology.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gathering Expert Opinions for Social Robots’ Ethical, Legal, and Societal Concerns: Findings from Four International Workshops

Fosch‐Villaronga

Lutz

Tamò-Larrieux

2019

Int J of Soc Robotics

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Social robots, those that exhibit personality and communicate with us using high-level dialogue and natural cues, will soon be part of our daily lives. In this paper, we gather expert opinions from different international workshops exploring ethical, legal, and social (ELS) concerns associated with social robots. In contrast to literature that looks at specific challenges, often from a certain disciplinary angle, our contribution to the literature provides an overview of the ELS discussions in a holistic fashion, shaped by active deliberation with a multitude of experts across four workshops held between 2015 and 2017 held in major international workshops (ERF, NewFriends, JSAI-isAI). It also explores pathways to address the identified challenges. Our contribution is in line with the latest European robot regulatory initiatives but covers an area of research that the latest AI and robot governance strategies have scarcely covered. Specifically, we highlight challenges to the use of social robots from a user perspective, including issues such as privacy, autonomy, and the dehumanization of interactions; or from a worker perspective, including issues such as the possible replacement of jobs through robots. The paper also compiles the recommendations to these ELS issues the experts deem appropriate to mitigate compounding risks. By then contrasting these challenges and solutions with recent AI and robot regulatory strategies, we hope to inform the policy debate and set the scene for further research.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gathering Expert Opinions for Social Robots’ Ethical, Legal, and Societal Concerns: Findings from Four International Workshops

Fosch‐Villaronga

Lutz

Tamò-Larrieux

2019

Int J of Soc Robotics

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“…The design and the functionalities of the device can be adapted and tested against the real hand kinematics. This is especially important because movements are rarely identical (Latash et al, 2002) and this methodology allows evaluating the advantages and flaws of several designs with consistent industrial-relevant kinematics (Vignais et al, 2013) to avoid over-dimensioned design (Chammas et al, 2015). The use of three hand sizes ranging from the 5th to the 95th percentile of the population (Greiner, 1991) allowed adaptation of the exoskeleton to different hand sizes without constraining the fingers range of motion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design-validation of a hand exoskeleton using musculoskeletal modeling

et al. 2018

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Exoskeletons are progressively reaching homes and workplaces, allowing interaction with virtual environments, remote control of robots, or assisting human operators in carrying heavy loads. Their design is however still a challenge as these robots, being mechanically linked to the operators who wear them, have to meet ergonomic constraints besides usual robotic requirements in terms of workspace, speed, or efforts. They have in particular to fit the anthropometry and mobility of their users. This traditionally results in numerous prototypes which are progressively fitted to each individual person. In this paper, we propose instead to validate the design of a hand exoskeleton in a fully digital environment, without the need for a physical prototype. The purpose of this study is thus to examine whether finger kinematics are altered when using a given hand exoskeleton. Therefore, user specific musculoskeletal models were created and driven by a motion capture system to evaluate the fingers' joint kinematics when performing two industrial related tasks. The kinematic chain of the exoskeleton was added to the musculoskeletal models and its compliance with the hand movements was evaluated. Our results show that the proposed exoskeleton design does not influence fingers' joints angles, the coefficient of determination between the model with and without exoskeleton being consistently high (R¯=0.93) and the nRMSE consistently low (nRMSE¯ = 5.42°). These results are promising and this approach combining musculoskeletal and robotic modeling driven by motion capture data could be a key factor in the ergonomics validation of the design of orthotic devices and exoskeletons prior to manufacturing.

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“…In the assistive technologies field, there are different approaches to design interactive products, including the activity-centered design, systems design, genius design or user-centered design. It is better to apply more than only one design approach to achieve more efficient and suitable outcomes through the design process [56]. Some of these approaches have received regulatory attention, at least from the private setting viewpoint.…”

Section: Human-centered and Ability-based Design Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This approach considers human participation in all stages of the process [58]. Since it takes into account users' needs and interests from the first stage, this approach increases the effectiveness of the process, the quality, and usability of the final product, and improves the accessibility of interactive systems using integrating theoretical models with practical user performance feedback [56]. According to the ISO 9241-210:2010 it also 'counteracts possible adverse effects of use on human health, safety and performance.…”

Section: Human-centered and Ability-based Design Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Progressive Intertwinement Between Design, Human Needs and the Regulation of Care Technology: The Case of Lower-Limb Exoskeletons

Fosch‐Villaronga

Özcan

2019

Int J of Soc Robotics

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The adoption of robot technology is accelerating in healthcare settings. Care robots can support and extend the work of caregivers in assisting patients, elderly or children. Typical examples of such systems are 'cognitive therapeutic robots,' 'physical rehabilitation robots,' 'assistive and lifting robots.' Although these robots might reduce the workload of care workers, and be a cost-efficient solution against healthcare system cuts, the insertion of such technologies may also raise ethical, legal and societal concerns concerning users. In this article, we describe some of these concerns, including cognitive safety, prospective liability, and privacy. We argue that the current regulatory framework for care robot technology is ill-prepared to address such multidisciplinary concerns because it only focuses on physical safety requirements, whereas it disregards other issues arising from the human-robot interaction. We support the idea that design plays a significant role in shaping the technology to meet the needs of the users and the goals set by the regulation. To illustrate practical challenges, in this article we consider as an example the case of lower-limb exoskeletons. This example helps illuminate the overarching idea of the article, that is, that regulation, design, and human needs need to intertwine and mutually shape each other to serve the solutions these technologies proclaim.

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A Closer Look on the User Centred Design

Cited by 80 publications

References 4 publications

Gathering Expert Opinions for Social Robots’ Ethical, Legal, and Societal Concerns: Findings from Four International Workshops

Gathering Expert Opinions for Social Robots’ Ethical, Legal, and Societal Concerns: Findings from Four International Workshops

Design-validation of a hand exoskeleton using musculoskeletal modeling

The Progressive Intertwinement Between Design, Human Needs and the Regulation of Care Technology: The Case of Lower-Limb Exoskeletons

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